bone disorders Flashcards
what is the most common benign bone tumour
osteochondroma (exotosis)
who normally gets osteochondroma
young males
what is an osteochondroma
cartilage capped bony projection on external surface of bone
where are osteomas usually found
skull
what is an osteoma
benign overgrowth of bone
what is an osteid osteoma
immature bone surrounded by sclerotic halo
where do osteoid osteomas usually occur
long bones
where do simple bone cysts usually occur + who gets them
long bones, children
symptoms simple bone cyst
pathological fractures
what is a giant cell tumour
multinucleated within fibrous stroma
who usually gets giant cell tumours
20-40
where do giant cell tumours usually occur
epiphysis (ends) of long bones - esp knee
xray appearance giant cell
soap bubble
what is fibrous dysplasia
genetic condition bone is fibrous and immature
most common cancerous bone tumour
osteosarcoma
who usually gets malignant bone tumours
children and adolescents
where does osteosarcoma usually occur
long bones near epiphysis - esp knee
x ray osteosarcoma
codman triangle + sunburst appearance
symptoms osteosarcoma
weight loss, pain esp at night, fatigue
what mutation increases risk of osteosarcoma and what other cancer
rb - retinoblastoma
mx osteosarcoma
chemo
what is ewing’s sarcoma
blue cell tumour in bone marrow
where does ewings sarcoma usually occur
pelvis and long bones
xray ewings sarcoma
onioin skin
symptoms ewings sarcoma
intense pain, fever, bad prognosis
mx ewings
chemo and radio
what is a chondrosarcoma
malignant cartilage
where does chondrosarcoma usually occur
axial skeleton
symptoms chondrosarcoma
back bain, sciatica, oedema
who gets chondrosarcoma
middle aged men
cancers that met to bones
prostate, breast, lung , renal, thyroid
what origon can sarcomas have
bone or soft tissue
what are the 4 main soft tissue sarcomas
lipsarcoma, rhabdomysarcoma, leiomyosarcoma (smooth muscle), synovial sarcoma (close to joint)
