infection and response Flashcards
name the 4 pathogens
fungi
bacteria
viruses
protists
what is a pathogen?
microorganisms that can cause disease
what are viruses?
non-living pathogens which clone in cells, causing them to burst
what is the treatment for aids?
antiretroviral drugs
anti-retro-viral
what are bacteria?
single-celled organisms which produce toxins
what are 2 symptons of gonorrhea?
pain when urinating
thick yellow or green genital discharge
fungi
what are hyphae?
long thread like structures which can cause disease
in fungi
what colour are the spots from rose black spot?
purple or black
how does rose black spot spread?
- through the wind
- through the water supply
what are fungi?
eukaryotic cells which can cause disease through their hyphae
what are vectors?
organisms which transport pathogens
what are cilia?
hairs which line the trachea to catch and push pathogens back up the throat
what is phagocytosis?how does this happen?
where white blood cells engulf pathogens
1. they track them down
2. they bind to them
3. they engulf them
produced by white blood cells
what are anti-toxins?
small molecules which bind to and counteract toxins
what are antibodies?
what is the downside of antibodies?
proteins produced by white blood cells which lock onto antigens and alert the white blood cells of their location
each of them can only bind to specific antigens
antigens- foreign cells which have invaded the body
