Infecciones del tracto digestivo. Diarre aguda Flashcards

1
Q

B. ce­reus

A

For­mas emé­ti­cas precoz (toxinas reformadas): arroz fri­to
For­ma dia­rrei­ca: car­ne y verdura.

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2
Q

S. au­reus y Sal­mo­nel­la

A

Forma emética precoz (toxinas preformadas): Cre­mas, ma­yo­ne­sas

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3
Q

V. cho­le­ra­e

A

Dia­rrea acuosa muy pro­fusa (como «agua de arroz»), enterotoxina se pro­du­ce in vi­vo y por tan­to el pe­rí­o­do de in­cu­ba­ción sue­le ser ma­yor de 8 horas.

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4
Q

E. coli pro­duc­tora de to­xina de Shiga (O157:H7).

A

Anemia he­mo­lí­tica, in­su­fi­ciencia renal y trom­bo­penia tras un epi­sodio de dia­rrea +/- san­gui­no­lenta

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5
Q

Dx

A

exa­men en fres­co de ma­te­ria fe­cal pa­ra de­tec­tar leu­co­ci­tos y el co­pro­cul­ti­vo. HMC

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6
Q

Tto

A

Solo e casos graves Cefalosporina o quinolonas; Macrólidos (Campylobacter)

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7
Q

Causa más frecuente de diarrea del viajero

A

Escherichia coli enterotoxigénico

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8
Q

Cau­sa de dia­rre­a in­fec­cio­sa no­so­co­mial

A

Clos­tri­dium dif­fi­ci­le (ICD)

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9
Q

Clos­tri­dium dif­fi­ci­le (ICD): FR

A

ATB; hospitalización prolongada; SNG; farmacos que disminuyen la secreción gástrica

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10
Q

Clos­tri­dium dif­fi­ci­le (ICD): dx

A

Cultivo (efecto citopático); PCR; seudomembranas en colonoscopia; detección de GDH

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11
Q

Clos­tri­dium dif­fi­ci­le (ICD): tto

A

1o retirar ATB
2o metronidazol oral
3o vancomicina oral
4o vancomicina oral + metronidazol ev

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12
Q

Fiebre entérica: etiología, transmision

A

Sal­mo­nel­la en­te­ri­ca se­ro­ti­po ty­phi; contacto directo e indirecto

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13
Q

Fiebre entérica: clínica

A

1a sem: fie­bre, bra­di­car­dia, do­lor ab­do­mi­nal
2a sem: +/- exan­te­ma. El es­tre­ñi­mien­to pue­de ser más fre­cuen­te que la dia­rrea
3a sem: he­pa­to­es­ple­no­me­ga­lia, he­mo­rra­gias in­tes­ti­na­les y per­fo­ra­ción.

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14
Q

Fiebre entérica: dx

A

cultivo; test de wildal (serologia)

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