infant

Question 1

APGAR test

Answer 1

• how they ate adapting

-Heart rate
Breathing
Muscle tone
Reflexes
Skin colour

Question 2

what is growth retardation

Answer 2

• poor nutritional stats
• increase calories

Question 3

what’s failure to thrive

Answer 3

weight continues to decrease after 10 days
AND
weight not regained to birth weight by 3 weeks

Question 4

how much weight does baby gain in first year

Answer 4

• double in 4-6 month
• weight triple in year

Question 6

what is the typical weight and weight full term

Answer 6

5.5-8.5 pounds

18.5-21.5 inches

Question 7

what do growth charts look at

Answer 7

• head circumference for age
• weight for length

Question 8

steps of motor development in infant

Answer 8

be able to control voluntary muscles
- first head
- than lower legs-last

this influences ability tp start fed self

Question 9

what stimulates intestinal maturation and growth

Answer 9

swallowing amniotic fluid third trimester

Question 10

composition of stomach and pancreas of baby

Answer 10

• weaker gut muscles
• low concentration of hydrochloric acid and pepsin ( cannot digest solids)
• so than reflux issues
• pancreas not fully developed-inefficient digestions of solids

Question 11

why you have to be careful while introducing solid foods

Answer 11

• limited capacity to filter out waste and excrete sodium
• renal system is still developing

-so with solid foods you need lots of water

Question 12

how to tell when baby hungry

Answer 12

• when fussy start to feed– if start crying baby fill up on air in stomach and won’t want to feed anymore

-beware of cues and signs

Question 13

how many cal baby need
0-6 months
6-12 months

Answer 13

108 cal

than drop

98 cal

Question 14

how much protein does baby need? when do you need more?

Answer 14

1.52 g/ day 0-6 months
1.2 g/day 6-12 months

• more protein needed with an infection, illness, prematurity

Question 15

why is fat important

Answer 15

• develop CNS
• maintain appropriate body temperature
• cushion for organs
• concentrated source of energy
• flavour and satiety
• fat soluble vitamin aborsotion

Question 16

why is iron important

Answer 16

• Iron deficiency anemia is the most common deficiency
• Cows milk has low iron
• Cause- decrease resistance to infection, poor weight gain, irritability, metal retardation and developmental delays

Question 17

vitamin and mineral needs and reasons
ca/ na/ zinc/ fluoride

Answer 17

Ca
- Large need for calcium because of rapid skeletal growth

Na- sodium
- Nerve transmission and muscle contraction
- Fluid electrolyte balance — risk becomes when vomit

Zinc- growth
- Baby’s grow quickly, zinc is extra important at beginning of life
-
- Fluorride
- - do not need a supplement if mother is drinking fluoridated water

Question 18

what is the rooting and extrusion reflex

Answer 18

rooting- initiating breastfeeding
- baby than must learn how to suck and swallow and breath at the same time

extrusion- push tongue outwards
- protect from consuming solids– baby not ready

Question 19

infant nutrition 0-4 months

Answer 19

• extrusion reflex
• rooting reflex
• cannot swallow solids
• cannot fully digest food
• no solids at this time

Question 20

infant nutrition 4-6 months

Answer 20

• sit with some support and control head and neck
• starting to be interested in food

Question 21

what solid foods are introduced first

Answer 21

• iron rich meats and eggs, iron fortified cereals - rice, oat, etc.
• vitamin c rich foods (help absorb the iron)

Question 22

infant nutrition 6-9 months
goals? ready signs?

Answer 22

goals
- want flavour and texture exposure
- adequate iron intak e

ready?
- self feed finger foods
- sit up independently
- drink sip cup -9months
-pincer graps

** want to offer formula first
* small amount of familiar food, plus one new food

Question 23

infant nutrition 9-12 months. ready signs?

Answer 23

• can hold a bottle
• grab a spoon
• sit unsupported
• continue nursing