Infancy (Ch. 6)

Question 1

Involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding

Answer 1

Temperament

Question 2

Refers to the match between a child’s temperament and the environmental demands the child must cope with

Answer 2

Goodness-of-fit parenting

Question 3

How do infants learn trust from caregiver?

Answer 3

Infants learn trust when they are cared for in a consistent, warm manner.
Ex. If the infant is not well fed and kept warm on a consistent basis, a sense of mistrust is likely to develop.

Question 4

Erikson’s second stage proposes children are developing autonomy. What is autonomy refering to?

Answer 4

Autonomy builds as the infant’s mental and motor abilities develop. Not only can infants walk, but they can also climb, open and close, drop, push and pull, and hold and let go. Infants feel pride in these new accomplishments!

Question 5

This attachment type is when babies use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment.

Answer 5

Secure

Question 6

In this attachment type, babies show insecurity by avoiding the caregiver:

Answer 6

Insecure- Avoidant

Question 7

In this attachment type, babies often cling to the caregiver an then resist them by fighting against the closenes, perhaps by kicking or pushing away:

Answer 7

Insecure- Resistant

Question 8

Babies with this attachment type may appear disoriented, dazed, confused or fearful:

Answer 8

Insecure-Disorganized

Question 9

Babies of this culture are more likely to be categorized as resistant. Mothers might rarely let anyone unfamiliar with their babies care for them. Thus, the Strange Situation might create considerably more stress for these infants than American infants

Answer 9

Japanese

Question 10

Due to caregiver encouragement toward being independent, babies of this culture more likely to show an avoidant attachment pattern than American infants

Answer 10

German