individual differences

Question 1

what is the aim of freuds study

Answer 1

to conduct a case study which would provide supporting evidence for his theory of pyschosexual development

Question 2

what was the procedure in freuds study

Answer 2

little Hans father was a follower of freuds work who consented for hans behaviour to be analysed
his father wrote to frued telling him how his son behaved and what his dreams had been about and freud would interpret this and relay it back to the father

Question 3

what was the aim of baron cohens study

Answer 3

to investigate a new theory of mind test for adults as previous ones were created for children

Question 4

what is autism

Answer 4

a lifelong development disorder characterised by a triad of impairments

Question 5

what does autism affect

Answer 5

social communication - reading between lines
social imagination- cant understand point of view of other people
relationships- eye contact and facial expressions

Question 6

what is aspergers

Answer 6

a form of autism
people usually have fewer communication issues and above average intelligence

Question 7

what is theory of mind

Answer 7

individuals ability to understand that others may have different feelings and knowledge

Question 8

what did the strange stories task test for

Answer 8

white lies and figures of speech

Question 9

if a child has theory of mind where do they say the marble is

Answer 9

box

Question 10

what was the eyes task

Answer 10

a theory of mind task used for adults
looking at a picture of eyes region and chosing between two words to describe them

Question 11

what controls were used in the eyes task

Answer 11

all from magazine
15x 10cm
showed from above eyebrows to bridge of nose

Question 12

what is tourettes

Answer 12

neurological condition charactersied by uncontrolable sounds and movements

Question 13

what is the sample for condition 1

Answer 13

16 autistic
from adverstisement in magazine

Question 14

sample for condition 2

Answer 14

50 normal
recruited by subject panel in uni

Question 15

sample from condition 3

Answer 15

10 touettes
from tertiary referall centre in london

Question 16

how many photos were shown in the eyes task

Answer 16

25 for 3 seconds each

Question 17

what was the strange stories task designed for

Answer 17

as an advanced theory of mind task to check validity of eyes task

Question 18

what condition did not complete the strange stories

Answer 18

normal

Question 19

what was the gender recognition task

Answer 19

used as a control and used same photos as the eyes task

Question 20

what 4 tasks did the participants complete

Answer 20

strange stories
gender recognition
eyes task
basic emotion recognition

Question 21

what were the six emotions

Answer 21

happy
sad
angry
discgust
Afraid
suprised

Question 22

what were the 2 control tasks in the study

Answer 22

the basic emotion recognition and the gender recognition

Question 23

what were the results for mean score on eyes task

Answer 23

autism-16.3 suggests that subtle theory of mind deficits at later age in individuals with autism
normal-20.3
tourettes-20.4

Question 24

why did females perform better on eyes task

Answer 24

suggests females have socialisation or genetic advantages
more research needs to be done

Question 25

what conditions had no significant difference

Answer 25

basic emotion or gender recognition

Question 26

what are the conclusions from baron cohens study

Answer 26

adult with autism or aspergers have subtle deficits in mind reading ability however females are slightly better

Question 27

what was freuds interpretation of the bath fantasy

Answer 27

hans had death wish for his sister because he wanted his mum all to himself
phobia of bath expressed fear of punishment
evidence for oedipus complex hans was in love with his mother

Question 28

what was freuds interpretation of castration anxiety

Answer 28

hans began to fear that a doctor would cut off his widdler because his mum caught him playing with it and to stop otherwise doctor would cut it off

Question 29

what was freuds interpretation of phobia of horses .

Answer 29

Freud said that the horse represented Hans father who also had a dark beard . Hans had displaced his unconscious anxieties about his father and they surfaced as a fear of horses .

Question 30

what was freuds interpretation of giraffe dream .

Answer 30

Freud said the crumpled giraffe represented hans mother and the big giraffe was the father objecting to hans stealing his mother away .

Question 31

what was freuds interpretation of the plumber fantasy

Answer 31

Freud says this was hans beginning to identify with his father as he wanted a larger bottom and widdler like his father.