individual differences Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the aim of freuds study

A

to conduct a case study which would provide supporting evidence for his theory of pyschosexual development

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2
Q

what was the procedure in freuds study

A

little Hans father was a follower of freuds work who consented for hans behaviour to be analysed
his father wrote to frued telling him how his son behaved and what his dreams had been about and freud would interpret this and relay it back to the father

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3
Q

what was the aim of baron cohens study

A

to investigate a new theory of mind test for adults as previous ones were created for children

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4
Q

what is autism

A

a lifelong development disorder characterised by a triad of impairments

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5
Q

what does autism affect

A

social communication - reading between lines
social imagination- cant understand point of view of other people
relationships- eye contact and facial expressions

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6
Q

what is aspergers

A

a form of autism
people usually have fewer communication issues and above average intelligence

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7
Q

what is theory of mind

A

individuals ability to understand that others may have different feelings and knowledge

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8
Q

what did the strange stories task test for

A

white lies and figures of speech

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9
Q

if a child has theory of mind where do they say the marble is

A

box

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10
Q

what was the eyes task

A

a theory of mind task used for adults
looking at a picture of eyes region and chosing between two words to describe them

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11
Q

what controls were used in the eyes task

A

all from magazine
15x 10cm
showed from above eyebrows to bridge of nose

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12
Q

what is tourettes

A

neurological condition charactersied by uncontrolable sounds and movements

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13
Q

what is the sample for condition 1

A

16 autistic
from adverstisement in magazine

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14
Q

sample for condition 2

A

50 normal
recruited by subject panel in uni

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15
Q

sample from condition 3

A

10 touettes
from tertiary referall centre in london

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16
Q

how many photos were shown in the eyes task

A

25 for 3 seconds each

17
Q

what was the strange stories task designed for

A

as an advanced theory of mind task to check validity of eyes task

18
Q

what condition did not complete the strange stories

A

normal

19
Q

what was the gender recognition task

A

used as a control and used same photos as the eyes task

20
Q

what 4 tasks did the participants complete

A

strange stories
gender recognition
eyes task
basic emotion recognition

21
Q

what were the six emotions

A

happy
sad
angry
discgust
Afraid
suprised

22
Q

what were the 2 control tasks in the study

A

the basic emotion recognition and the gender recognition

23
Q

what were the results for mean score on eyes task

A

autism-16.3 suggests that subtle theory of mind deficits at later age in individuals with autism
normal-20.3
tourettes-20.4

24
Q

why did females perform better on eyes task

A

suggests females have socialisation or genetic advantages
more research needs to be done

25
Q

what conditions had no significant difference

A

basic emotion or gender recognition

26
Q

what are the conclusions from baron cohens study

A

adult with autism or aspergers have subtle deficits in mind reading ability however females are slightly better

27
Q

what was freuds interpretation of the bath fantasy

A

hans had death wish for his sister because he wanted his mum all to himself
phobia of bath expressed fear of punishment
evidence for oedipus complex hans was in love with his mother

28
Q

what was freuds interpretation of castration anxiety

A

hans began to fear that a doctor would cut off his widdler because his mum caught him playing with it and to stop otherwise doctor would cut it off

29
Q

what was freuds interpretation of phobia of horses .

A

Freud said that the horse represented Hans father who also had a dark beard . Hans had displaced his unconscious anxieties about his father and they surfaced as a fear of horses .

30
Q

what was freuds interpretation of giraffe dream .

A

Freud said the crumpled giraffe represented hans mother and the big giraffe was the father objecting to hans stealing his mother away .

31
Q

what was freuds interpretation of the plumber fantasy

A

Freud says this was hans beginning to identify with his father as he wanted a larger bottom and widdler like his father.

32
Q
A