Important Review Flashcards
which bacteria use a type 3 secretion system
STEC/EHEC
EPEC
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Yersinia
what bacteria is the major cause of foodborne illness in humans
EHEC/STEC O157:H7
what bacteria is the most common cause of diarrhea in farm animals “scouring”
ETEC
what bacteria is associated with severe acute necrosuppurative enteritis +/- hemorrhage
Salmonella
why should salmonella be lower on the differential diagnoses for small animals
not common unless on a raw diet, stray animal or sled dog
clinical signs of S. cholerasuis
host-adapted swine
acute enterocolitis, septicemia, abortion
1 Salmonella serovar in the US for humans
S. enteriditis
what bacteria is the cause of the most common bacterial illness in the US in humans
C. jejuni
what bacteria is a risk factor for Guillen Barre Syndrome
C. jejuni
C. jejuni pathogenesis
target SI & colon
translocation of the epithelium to lamina propria
zipper and trigger mechanisms
suppurative inflammation, cytokines, IL –> bloody diarrhea & necrotizing hepatitis in sheep
who should have C.jejuni lower on their differential list
old diarrhetic animals
only animals <1 yr are more susceptible
what bacteria is associated with acute gastroenteritis and necrotic foci on other organs
Yersinia
Brachyspira pathogenesis
mucous layers of LI
causes coagulative necrosis & neutrophil influx leading to diarrhea
Brachyspira diagnostics
anaerobic culture (hard)
PCR
histopathology with silver stain
describe Brachyspira in dogs
often non-pathogenic due to CLOs
which bacteria require normal flora to be present
Brachyspira
Lawsonia
L. intracellularis clinical signs
acute hemorrhagic enteropathy (growers/finishers)
chronic necrotizing enteritis, adenomatosis, ileitis (weaners/growers)
garden hose gut (weaned foals)
L. intracellularis diagnostics
histopathology or PCR
no culture
what bacteria is the primary cause of infectious gastritis in humans
H. pylori
what bacteria is associated with chronic lymphocytic gastritis lesions
H. pylori
H. pylori patogenesis
colonization of gastric mucosa leading to strong inflammatory response –> gastritis in dogs/pigs
MAP pathogenesis
excess pro-inflammatory cytokines causing macrophage infiltration
chronic granulomatous inflammation, thickened intestinal wall and edema
what is the #1 contaminent of MAP
feces
how is M. paratuberculosis spread to humans
environment
water sources
what is MAP associated with in humans
Crohn’s disease
what is the bacteria that is the most common foodborne illness
C. perfringens
Type A + Enterotoxin or C
C. perfringens diagnostics
organism (culture or PCR toxin) + histopathological lesion
PCR of simple detection of clostridium not useful because of presence in healthy animals; neither is counting spores per high power field or ELISA
what bacteria is the most common nosocomial infection in humans
C. difficile
C. difficile pathogenesis
pseudomembrane formation & necrotizing colitis
what is Tyzzer’s disease? what bacteria causes it?
acute necrotizing hepatitis
C. pilliforme
what bacteria require histopathological staining with a silver stain
Brachyspira
C. piliforme
what bacteria causes Braxy? what is it?
necrotizing abomastitis in lambs
C. septicum mainly
what bacteria has retrograde axonal transport
C. tetani
