Importance of quality Flashcards
What is the importance of quality?
- poor-quality goods can result in customers returning their purchases causing a loss in sales.
- Extremely low quality can result in products not meeting safety standards, which can lead to bad PR.
- Conversely, high-quality goods can result in a good reputation.
- Being associated with quality production can attract high-quality staff.
- The highest-quality goods can be sold at premium prices.
What are the methods of ensuring quality?
- Quality control
- Quality assurance
- Continual Improvement
- Quality Circles
- Quality Standards and Symbols
- Quality Management
- Mystery Shoppers
- Benchmarking
What is quality control?
Quality control is the most basic method of ensuring quality. Quality control is a method of inspecting raw materials or finished goods to check they are of an acceptable standard and quality.
What are the advantages of quality control?
- Ensures that faulty good are not sent to customers.
- Limits the potential for a bad reputation due to faulty products.
What are the disadvantages of quality control?
- Can created a lot of waste as the quality of the good are not checked until they are made and have to be thrown away if they do not meet the quality standards.
- Products have to be reworked from scratch, costing the business time and money.
What is quality assurance?
Quality assurance is a method of prevention, i.e. where products are checked to see that they are of high quality at different stages in the development and production process rather than just at the end.
What are advantages of quality assurance?
- Less wastage, which decreases costs spend on discarded materials.
- Easy to identify where faults in the production process lie.
What are the disadvantages of quality assurance?
- Can slow down production as many processes are inspected.
- Can increase the costs of production, e.g. paying QA managers wages.
What is continual improvement (Kaizen)?
Organisations should always attempt to improve quality, even if it has met its objectives.
What are the advantages of continual improvement?
- The business stays ahead of the competition.
- The business can react easily to changing external factors.
What are the disadvantages of continual improvement?
- The business can have high staff development costs.
- Employees may feel under pressure to continually keep improving.
What are quality circles?
A quality circle is another Japanese philosophy on how to improve quality and ensures efficiency. This involves a group of employees meeting with a line manager to discuss problems in the production process and how to solve them.
What are the advantages of quality circles?
- Employees will be motivated as they get to have a say in decision-making.
- Management get well-informed suggestions from the workers who actually produce the product.
What are the disadvantages of quality circles?
- Employees meet during paid company time, meaning production time is lost.
- Employees are often trained to join a quality circle, costing the business even more time and money.
What is quality standards and symbols?
A quality standard or symbol proves that a product has met an agreed industry standard.
e.g. hotels meet the standards to achieve the ‘star’ rating, such as a 5-star hotel.
What are advantages of quality standards and symbols?
- Awards prove to customer that a product has met an agreed standard of quality.
- Symbols can be used as a promotional tool to gain a competitive edge.
- Customers will have confidence in purchasing the product and may repeat purchase.
- Higher prices can be charged as the product is of high quality.
What are disadvantages of quality standards and symbols?
- Time-consuming processes need to be completed to achieve the award.
- Agreed standards need to be maintained at all times.
- If any award is removed it would give the organisation a poor reputation.
- Annual checks and audits by awarding bodies can disrupt production.
What is quality management?
Quality management is a holistic approach to ensuring quality products. this means it incorporate not just one method but takes into account a variety of methods, including quality assurance, quality improvement and quality circles.
It ensures all people in an organisation are committed to quality to ensure zero errors occur.
What are advantages of quality management?
- Quality management should result in zero errors, which drastically reduce waste.
- Staff are motivated as they are constantly consulted on improving quality.
- Products will be renowned being being of the highest quality, increasing customer confidence and market share.
- A culture of teamwork is established, as everyone works together to improve.
What are disadvantages of quality management?
- Substantial staff training to ensure no mistakes are made, will increase costs and result in lost of work time.
- Requires the commitment of all staff, which could require a stricter selection process.
- Processes need to be continually monitored and compared to policies and procedures, which can be time consuming.
What are mystery shoppers?
There are people employed, often through an agency, to purchase products, ask questions, register complaints or behave in a certain way, and then provide feedback to the business about the experience they had.
What are advantages of a mystery shopper?
- The mystery shopper is not employed by or directly connected to the business. This means that no bias is shown.
- Valuable feedback, which may be lost when a customer chooses simply not to buy a product, is gathered when a product is below standards or unsatisfactory.
- The mystery shopper can suggest improvements that ensures a better match between the experience that the customer actually had and the one the business intends them to have.
- Dissatisfied customers are likely to share their poor experiences with others, whereas the mystery shopper is not permitted to do this.
What are disadvantages of mystery shoppers?
- Staff may resent a mystery shopper evaluating them, if they are aware of it, and may take the feedback personally.
- The mystery shopper’s feedback may not be fully representative of the business as a whole as it provides a limited evaluation, i.e. one day, one branch, one customer service assistant, etc.
- Allowances have to be made for human error in judgements. Mystery shoppers are people who have feelings and opinions, which may cloud their judgement from time to time.
- Businesses need to pay mystery shoppers, often through an agency, increasing costs.
What is benchmarking?
Benchmarking involves copying the quality of a finished product, and the processes used to achieve it, used by the market leader.
What are advantages of benchimarking?
- If successful, the product will be as good as the best on the market.
- Saves the business time developing their own approach to ensuring quality.
What are disadvantages of benchmarking?
- Can be difficult to gain information about other organisation’s quality methods.
- the business will only ever be ‘as good’ as the benchmark at a time. The benchmark may improve, leaving the organisation behind. The business will never be better than the benchmark, so will never be market leader.
