Immunology Flashcards
LN drainage: what does the celiac LN cluster drain?
Liver Stomach Spleen Pancreas Upper duodenum
LN drainage: what does the superior mesenteric LN cluster drain?
Lower duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Colon to splenic flexure
LN drainage: what does the inferior mesenteric LN cluster drain?
Colon from splenic flexure to upper rectum
LN drainage: what does the internal iliac LN cluster drain?
Lower rectum to anal canal (above pectinate line) Bladder Vagina (middle third) Cervix Prostate
LN drainage: what does the para-aortic LN cluster drain?
Testes
Ovaries
Kidneys
Uterus
LN drainage: what does the superficial inguinal LN cluster drain?
Skin below umbilicus (except popliteal area)
Anal canal below pectinate line
Scrotum
Vulva
LN drainage: what does the popliteal LN cluster drain?
Dorsolateral foot
Posterior calf
LN drainage: what does the axillary cluster drain?
Upper limb
Breast
Skin above umbilicus
Where are B cells found in the spleen? T cells?
B: follicles
T: PALS
What findings might you see in RBCs post-splenectomy?
Howell-Jolly bodies (nuclear remnants)
Target cells
Thrombocytosis (lack of removal/sequestration)
Lymphocytosis (lack of sequestration)
What is the thymus derived from?
3rd pharyngeal pouch (DeGeorge)
Lymphocytes are of ______________ origin.
mesenchymal
What cytokines enhance killing by NK cells?
IL-2, IL-12, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta
What types of cells express CD3, CD4, CD25, and FOXP3?
Tregs
anti-inflammatory, produce IL-10 and TGF-beta
What binds MHC?
TCR + co-receptor (CD4/8)
What cell contains B7 and what cell contains B28?
B7 (AKA CD80/86) = APC
CD28 = naive T cell (being activated by APC
While B7 to CD28 interaction is important for naive T cell activation, what is the analogous signal of CD40/CD40L used for?
CD4+ = CD40L
B cell = CD40 (B cell being activated by CD4+)
What Ig crosses placenta and provides infants w/passive immunity?
IgG
Which of the following does NOT fix complement:
IgG
IgA
IgM
IgA (dimer)
- J chain from secretory cells, protects Fc portion from luminal proteases
What is a thymus-independent antigen?
Lacks a peptide component (eg LPS)
- Cannot be presented by MHC
- Weakly immunogenic
- Vaccines often require boosters/adjuvants
There are two classes of antigens for B cells, T cell‐dependent (thymus‐dependent, TD) and T cell‐independent (TI) antigens. The former require the presence of cognate T‐helper (TH) cells to trigger a B‐cell response, whereas the TI antigens can mount an antibody response in the absence of TH.