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Step 1 > Cancer gene associations (name the cancer unless otherwise stated) > Flashcards

Cancer gene associations (name the cancer unless otherwise stated) Flashcards

1
Q

ALK (receptor tyrosine kinase)

A

Lung adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

BCR-ABL (tyrosine kinase)

A

CML

ALL

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3
Q

BCL-2 (antiapoptotic)

A

Follicular lymphoma

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma

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4
Q

BRAF (Ser/Thr kinase)

A

Melanoma

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

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5
Q

c-KIT (cytokine receptor)

A

GIST

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6
Q

c-MYC (TS factor)

A

Burkitt lymphoma

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7
Q

HER2/neu (tyrosine kinase)

A

Breast carcinoma

Gastric carcinoma

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8
Q

JAK2 (tyrosine kinase)

A

Chronic myeloproliferative d/o’s

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9
Q

MYCL1 (ts factor)

A

Lung tumor

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10
Q

MYCN (ts factor)

A

Neuroblastoma

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11
Q

RET (tyrosine kinase)

A

MEN 2A/2B

Medullary thyroid cancer

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12
Q

APC

A

Colorectal cancer (a/w FAP)

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13
Q

BRCA1/2 (DNA repair protein)

A

Breast cancer

Ovarian cancer

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14
Q

CDKN2A (p16, blocks G1->S)

A

Melanoma

Pancreatic cancer

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15
Q

DCC

A

Colon cancer (“Deleted in Colon Cancer”)

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16
Q

DPC4/SMAD4

A

Pancreatic cancer (“Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer”)

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17
Q

Gene product of MEN1?

A

Menin

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18
Q

Gene product of NF1?

A

Ras GTPase activating protein (neurofibromin)

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19
Q

Gene product of NF2?

A

Merlin (schwannomin) protein

20
Q

PTEN

A

Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Endometrial cancer

21
Q

Rb

A

Retinoblastoma

Osteosarcoma

22
Q

TP53 (inhibits E2F; blocks G1->S)

A

Most human cancers

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

23
Q

TSC1, cancer and gene product?

A

Tuberous sclerosis (Hamartin protein)

24
Q

TSC2, cancer and gene product?

A

Tuberous sclerosis (Tuberin protein)

25
Q

VHL (inhibits hypoxia inducible factor 1a)

A

von Hippel-Lindau disease

RCC

26
Q

WT1/2

A

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)

27
Q

What cancer are HBV and HCV a/w besides HCC?

A

lymphoma

28
Q

Aflatoxins

A

HCC

29
Q

Alkalating agents

A

Leukemia/lymphoma

30
Q

Aromatic amines (eg benzidine, naphthylamine of cigs)

A

Transitional cell carcinoma

31
Q

Arsenic

A

Liver: angiosarcoma
Lung (cigs): lung cancer
Skin (used as makeup previously): SQC

32
Q

Asbestos

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma > mesothelioma

33
Q

CCl4 (not a cancer)

A

Liver: centrolobar necrosis, fatty change

34
Q

Cigs

A 
Transitional cell carcinoma
Cervical carcinoma
Esophagus: SQC, adenocarcinoma
RCC
Larynx: SQC
Lungs: SQC, small cell carcinoma
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
35
Q

Alcohol

A

Esophageal SQC

HCC

36
Q

Ionizing radiation

A

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

37
Q

Nitrosamines

A

Gastric cancer

38
Q

Radon

A

Lung cancer (2nd leading cause behind cigs)

39
Q

Vinyl chloride (PVC)

A

Angiosarcoma

40
Q

Alk phos is a marker for:

A

Mets to bone or liver
Paget’s disease
Seminoma (placental ALP)

41
Q

AFP is a marker for:

A

HCC
Hepatoblastoma
Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor
Mixed germ cell tumor

High: NTD’s, abd wall defects
Low: Down syndrome

42
Q

beta-hCG is a marker for:

A

Hydatidiform moles
Choriocarcinomas (gestational trophoblastic disease)
Testicular cancer
Mixed germ cell tumor

43
Q

CA 15-3/CA27-29 is a marker for:

A

Breast cancer

44
Q

CA 19-9 is a marker for:

A

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

45
Q

Calcitonin is a marker for:

A

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

46
Q

CEA (CarcinoEmbryonic Antigen) is nonspecific, but a marker for:

A

70% colorectal and pancreatic cancers

also produced in gastric, breast, medullary thyroid carcinomas

47
Q

P-glycoprotein is classically seen in:

A

Adrenal cell carcinoma

also in colon, liver

Step 1 (15 decks)

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