Cancer gene associations (name the cancer unless otherwise stated)

Question 1

ALK (receptor tyrosine kinase)

Answer 1

Lung adenocarcinoma

Question 2

BCR-ABL (tyrosine kinase)

Answer 2

CML

ALL

Question 3

BCL-2 (antiapoptotic)

Answer 3

Follicular lymphoma

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma

Question 4

BRAF (Ser/Thr kinase)

Answer 4

Melanoma

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 5

c-KIT (cytokine receptor)

Answer 5

GIST

Question 6

c-MYC (TS factor)

Answer 6

Burkitt lymphoma

Question 7

HER2/neu (tyrosine kinase)

Answer 7

Breast carcinoma

Gastric carcinoma

Question 8

JAK2 (tyrosine kinase)

Answer 8

Chronic myeloproliferative d/o’s

Question 9

MYCL1 (ts factor)

Answer 9

Lung tumor

Question 10

MYCN (ts factor)

Answer 10

Neuroblastoma

Question 11

RET (tyrosine kinase)

Answer 11

MEN 2A/2B

Medullary thyroid cancer

Question 12

APC

Answer 12

Colorectal cancer (a/w FAP)

Question 13

BRCA1/2 (DNA repair protein)

Answer 13

Breast cancer

Ovarian cancer

Question 14

CDKN2A (p16, blocks G1->S)

Answer 14

Melanoma

Pancreatic cancer

Question 15

DCC

Answer 15

Colon cancer (“Deleted in Colon Cancer”)

Question 16

DPC4/SMAD4

Answer 16

Pancreatic cancer (“Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer”)

Question 17

Gene product of MEN1?

Answer 17

Menin

Question 18

Gene product of NF1?

Answer 18

Ras GTPase activating protein (neurofibromin)

Question 19

Gene product of NF2?

Answer 19

Merlin (schwannomin) protein

Question 20

PTEN

Answer 20

Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Endometrial cancer

Question 21

Rb

Answer 21

Retinoblastoma

Osteosarcoma

Question 22

TP53 (inhibits E2F; blocks G1->S)

Answer 22

Most human cancers

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Question 23

TSC1, cancer and gene product?

Answer 23

Tuberous sclerosis (Hamartin protein)

Question 24

TSC2, cancer and gene product?

Answer 24

Tuberous sclerosis (Tuberin protein)

Question 25

VHL (inhibits hypoxia inducible factor 1a)

Answer 25

von Hippel-Lindau disease | RCC

Question 26

WT1/2

Answer 26

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)

Question 27

What cancer are HBV and HCV a/w besides HCC?

Answer 27

lymphoma

Question 28

Aflatoxins

Answer 28

HCC

Question 29

Alkalating agents

Answer 29

Leukemia/lymphoma

Question 30

Aromatic amines (eg benzidine, naphthylamine of cigs)

Answer 30

Transitional cell carcinoma

Question 31

Arsenic

Answer 31

Liver: angiosarcoma Lung (cigs): lung cancer Skin (used as makeup previously): SQC

Question 32

Asbestos

Answer 32

Bronchogenic carcinoma > mesothelioma

Question 33

CCl4 (not a cancer)

Answer 33

Liver: centrolobar necrosis, fatty change

Question 34

Cigs

Answer 34

``` Transitional cell carcinoma Cervical carcinoma Esophagus: SQC, adenocarcinoma RCC Larynx: SQC Lungs: SQC, small cell carcinoma Pancreatic adenocarcinoma ```

Question 35

Alcohol

Answer 35

Esophageal SQC | HCC

Question 36

Ionizing radiation

Answer 36

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

Question 37

Nitrosamines

Answer 37

Gastric cancer

Question 38

Radon

Answer 38

Lung cancer (2nd leading cause behind cigs)

Question 39

Vinyl chloride (PVC)

Answer 39

Angiosarcoma

Question 40

Alk phos is a marker for:

Answer 40

Mets to bone or liver Paget's disease Seminoma (placental ALP)

Question 41

AFP is a marker for:

Answer 41

HCC Hepatoblastoma Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor Mixed germ cell tumor High: NTD's, abd wall defects Low: Down syndrome

Question 42

beta-hCG is a marker for:

Answer 42

Hydatidiform moles Choriocarcinomas (gestational trophoblastic disease) Testicular cancer Mixed germ cell tumor

Question 43

CA 15-3/CA27-29 is a marker for:

Answer 43

Breast cancer

Question 44

CA 19-9 is a marker for:

Answer 44

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Question 45

Calcitonin is a marker for:

Answer 45

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

Question 46

CEA (CarcinoEmbryonic Antigen) is nonspecific, but a marker for:

Answer 46

70% colorectal and pancreatic cancers | also produced in gastric, breast, medullary thyroid carcinomas

Question 47

P-glycoprotein is classically seen in:

Answer 47

Adrenal cell carcinoma | also in colon, liver