Immunology

Question 1

Study of how the body recognizes itself from nonself – antigen

Answer 1

Immunology

Question 2

2 Types of Immune Sytem

Answer 2

• Nonspecific Immunity

* Specific Immunity

Question 3

– Antigen independent
– ✖️antigen recognition
– Immediate response
– ✖️antibody production
– ✖️memory

Answer 3

Innate Immunity

Question 4

– Antigen dependent 
– Antigen recognition
– Lag time for response 
– Results to immunologic memory
– Antibody production

Answer 4

Specific Immunity

— Acquired

Question 5

B cells

Answer 5

Humoral Immunity

Question 6

T cells

Answer 6

Cellular- Mediated immunity

Question 7

Cells Involved

Answer 7

• Granulocytes

* Agranulocytes

Question 8

• Basophils
• Eosinophils
• Netrophils

Answer 8

Granulocytes

Question 9

Bone marrow, T cels

Answer 9

Granulocytes

Question 10

Histamine release

Answer 10

Basophils

Question 11

– Responsible for Type I HS/ Allergy

– ⬆️ during HELMINTHIC infestations

Answer 11

Eosinophils

Question 12

– Most abundant/ abundant
– first to respond (inflammation) acute
– ⬆️ during BACTERIAL infection

Answer 12

Neutrophils

Question 13

Agranulocytes

Answer 13

• Macrophages

* Lymphocytes

Question 14

– Monocytes - young macrophages

– 1’ phagocytosis

Answer 14

Macrophages

Question 15

Lymphocytes

Answer 15

• B Lymphocytes

* T Lymphocytes

Question 16

– B cells
– Mature in bone marrow
– 1’ antigen presentation

Answer 16

B Lymphocytes

Question 17

Mature B cells

Answer 17

• Plasma cells

* Memory cells

Question 18

Antibody/ Ig production

Answer 18

Plasma Cells

Question 19

Immunologic cells

Answer 19

Memory cells

Question 20

T Lymphocytes
– T cells
– Soldier

Answer 20

• Helper T cells

* Cytotoxic T cells

Question 21

– CD4 cells

– inactivate B cells & cytotoxic T cells

Answer 21

Helper T cells

Question 22

– attaches to the membrane of the pathogen & initiates an attack
– CD8 cells
– counteracts neoplastic cells

Answer 22

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 23

Nonspecific Immunity

Answer 23

• Inflammation
• Phagocytosis
• Complement System

Question 24

Inflammation

Answer 24

• Rubor — redness
• Dolor — pain
• Calor — heat
• Function Leasa — loss of function
• Tumor

Question 25

* Acute I - Neutrophil | * Chronic I - Macrophage

Answer 25

Phagocytosis

Question 26

Three Types of Complement System

Answer 26

* Classical Pathway * Alternative * Mannose-Binding Lecithin

Question 27

1' Goal of Compelent System

Answer 27

To produce the membrane attack complex (MAC))

Question 28

Specific Immunity / Adaptive Immunity

Answer 28

* Humoral Immunity | * Cell-mediated Immunity

Question 29

Mediated by B cells (plasma cells)

Answer 29

Humoral Immunity

Question 30

Mediated by T cells

Answer 30

Cell-mediated immunity

Question 31

Types of immunoglobulins

Answer 31

* IgA * IgE * IgG * IgM * IgD

Question 32

– secretory Ig | – found in body secretions

Answer 32

IgA

Question 33

– degranulation of mast cells | – responsible for Type I HS rxn

Answer 33

IgE

Question 34

– ✔️ BBB | – Most dominant

Answer 34

IgG

Question 35

– aka macroglobulin – largest Ig – First Ig to respond; acute infection

Answer 35

IgM

Question 36

– no known function | – dound in B cell receptors

Answer 36

IgD

Question 37

Types of HS reaction

Answer 37

* Antibody-mediated HS reaction | * Cell-mediated HS reaction

Question 38

Antibody-mediated HS rxn

Answer 38

* Type 1 HS rxn * Type 2 HS rxn * Type 3 HS rxn

Question 39

– immediate HS rxn – mediated by IgE – Allergic rxn, anaphylactic rxn

Answer 39

Type 1 HS rxn

Question 40

– mediated by IgE (more), IgM – Ab binds to the surface of the pathogen – blood transfusion incompatibility – Grave's disease

Answer 40

Type 2 HS rxn

Question 41

– mediated by IgG – antigen-antibody complex formation – Rheumatic Heart disease – Acute glomerular nephritis

Answer 41

Type 3 HS rxn

Question 42

Cell-mediated HS rxn

Answer 42

Type 4 HS rxn

Question 43

``` – delayed HS rxn – ✖️ Ab involved – mediated by helper T cells – attopic dermatitis – tuberculin skin rxn — PPD test ```

Answer 43

Type 4 HS rxn