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Fundamentals of Life Science > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main barrier of the body against infection?

A

Skin

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2
Q

What is the main thing the immune system distinguishes between?

A

Self and non-self

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3
Q

What is the intrinsic immune system?

A

Barriers that prevent problems developing

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4
Q

What is the innate immune system?

A

The system that recognises non-self non-specifically

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5
Q

What is the adaptive immune system?

A

The system that recognises non-self specifically

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6
Q

What organs make immune cells, and in what order?

A

Bone marrow
Thymus
Spleen

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7
Q

What percentage of deaths are down to infection?

A

1 in 4

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8
Q

What is the mucosal immune system?

A

The mucosal surface is where most pathogens enter

The mucosal system contains lymphocytes

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9
Q

Is the immune system passive or active?

A

Both

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10
Q

What is friendly fire with regards to the immune system?

A

Dealing with disease can cause damage to self

This is sometimes more damaging than the infection

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11
Q

Give examples of a biochemical barrier

A

Lysozyme

Sebaceous gland secretions

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12
Q

Give an example of a chemical barrier

A

Stomach acid

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13
Q

Give an example of a physical barrier

A

Skin

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14
Q

Compare the speed of innate and adaptive immune response

A 
Innate = fast
Adaptive = slow 1st time, faster 2nd time
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15
Q

Name 6 immune cells

A 
Macrophage
Neutrophil
Basophil
Mast cell
Eosinophil
Dendritic cell
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16
Q

What does a macrophage do?

A

It expresses receptors to allow it to discriminate self from non-self
Digests the non-self cells it detects
Presents non-self antigens

17
Q

What do antibodies do?

A

Neutralise bacterial toxins

Label bacteria to aid neutrophils and macrophages

18
Q

What is a granuloma?

A

A structure to quarantine infection

Gathers the infection (bacteria) in one place

19
Q

What are the two ways the immune system kills pathogens?

A

Contact dependent

Soluble factors

20
Q

What is the purpose of inflammation?

A

A condition to encourage control of infection and killing

Fundamentals of Life Science (24 decks)

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