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Fundamentals of Life Science > Fluid compartments and osmosis > Flashcards

Fluid compartments and osmosis Flashcards

1
Q

Why is osmosis important?

A

Osmotic stability
Appropriate cell volume
Ionic gradients

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2
Q

What is intracellular fluid?

A

Fluid within a cell

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3
Q

What is interstitial fluid?

A

Fluid that surrounds all cells

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4
Q

What is extracellular fluid?

A

All bodily fluid outside the cell

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5
Q

Name the 5 fluid categories

A 
Extracellular
Intracellular
Interstitial
Transcellular
Plasma
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6
Q

What two things make up extracellular fluid/

A

Interstitial fluid

Plasma

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7
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Passive diffusion of water through semi-permeable membrane

Driven by concentration gradient

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8
Q

What is osmotic pressure?

A

The amount of pressure that will prevent net flow of water

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9
Q

What is osmolarity?

A

Osmoles per litre

Total solute concentration/ litre of solution

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10
Q

What is the osmolarity of a 1M solution

A

1 Osmol/L

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11
Q

How do you calculate osmoles in a substance that dissociates?

A

100mM solution of NaCl has an osmolarity of 200 mOsmol/L because it dissociates to Na+ and Cl-

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12
Q

What is osmolality?

A

Osmoles per kg

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13
Q

What is body fluid osmolality?

A

280-296 mOsmol/Kg H2O

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14
Q

What does osmolarity not tell us?

A

What will happen when a cell is placed in that solution

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15
Q

What does isosmotic mean?

A

Solutions contain equal solutes. Have equal osmolarity

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16
Q

What does hyperosmotic mean?

A

The solution has greater osmolarity than the other

17
Q

What does hyposmotic mean?

A

The solution has a low osmolarity than the other

18
Q

What is tonicity?

A

Tonicity describes the volume change of a cell
It has no units
It is always relative to the cell

19
Q

What happens when a cell is in an isotonic solution?

A

Its volume remains the same

20
Q

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

A

The cell shrinks

21
Q

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

A

The cell swells

22
Q

What might retention of organic anions lead to?

A

Creates an osmotic gradient
Creates an electrical gradient
Cell swells

23
Q

How is osmotic balance achieved?

A

Extrusion of Na+

Fundamentals of Life Science (24 decks)

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