Immunology

Question 1

Three characteristics of Antiphospholipid Syn.

Answer 1

Thrombosis
Pregnancy morbidity (recurrent miscarriage)
Antiphospholipids antibodies aPL

Question 2

In Antiphospholipid Syn., what is the most common manifestation

Answer 2

venous thromboembolism

Question 3

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL): (3)

Answer 3

lupus anticoagulant (LA)
Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein 1 (anti-ß2GP1)
Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL)

Question 4

Conventional management of Obstetrics APS

Answer 4

Combination of Low dose Aspirin + Low molecular weight Heparin

Question 5

Diagnosis of APS

Answer 5

At least one clinical criterion (vascular thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity)
At least one laboratory criterion (presence of lupus anticoagulant, or positive test results for anticardiolipin antibodies or anti-b2GPI)

Question 6

Clinical manefistations of APS

Answer 6

Recurrent venous or arterial thrombi
Recurrent miscarriage (>3 consecutive miscarriages <10 weeks gestations)
preterm deliveries
fetal death
livedo reticularis
cardiac valvular disease
pre-ecalmpsia
thrombocytopaenia

Question 7

APS types

Answer 7

Primary (not asscoiated with other autoimmune dis.)

secondary (asscoiated with other autoimmune dis. - SLE)

Question 8

Fetal loss in APS is due to

Answer 8

• Procoagulant state caused by antiphospholipid antibody

- Decreased levels of annexin-V (anticoagulant on normal placental villi

Question 9

Prevelence of aPL antibodies

Answer 9

Normal Obstetric Population= 2-5%
Pt with recurrent miscarriage= 15%
SLE Women= 30%

Question 10

Clinical Types of RH Incompitability

Answer 10

Mild: Congenital Hemolytic anemia
Moderate: Icterus Gravis Neonatorum
Severe: Hydrops Fetalis

Question 11

The vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) is best characterized as

Answer 11

Live virus vaccine