Immunodeficiency

Question 1

what are the 2 types of immunodeficiencies

Answer 1

1. Congenital (primary | inherited)

2. Aquired (secondary)

Question 2

what is the M.C. type of congenital deficiency

Answer 2

B cell deficiency

Question 3

T/F Congenital deficiency can be mild to severe and innate or adaptive

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

what does SCID stand for

Answer 4

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

Question 5

is SCID congenital or aquired

Answer 5

congenital

Question 6

What is SCID

Answer 6

lack of T cells (and some b cells)

Question 7

what causes SCID

Answer 7

defective cytokine signaling, VDJ segment rearrangement

Question 8

is MHC deficiencies congenital or aquired

Answer 8

congenital

Question 9

what is MHC deficiencies

Answer 9

MHC 1:

• missing TAP gene
• lack of CD8 cells
• susceptible to VIRUSES

Question 10

what microbe is MHC deficiencies most susceptible to

Answer 10

VIRUSES

Question 11

is Hyper IgM syndrome congenital or aquired

Answer 11

congenital

Question 12

is Hyper IgM syndrome sex-linked

Answer 12

Yes (x-linked)

Question 13

what is Hyper IgM syndrome

Answer 13

• Th cells lack CD40L (B cells cant class switch)
• T dependent antigen response is lacking
• overproduced IgM and lack of other classes

Question 14

Is X-linked agammaglobulinemia congenital of aquired

Answer 14

congenital

Question 15

what is x-linked agammaglobulinemia

Answer 15

• low levels of IgG (lack other classes)
• lacking intracellular signaling molecules
• B cells dont mature

Question 16

is leukocyte adhesion deficiency congenital or aquired

Answer 16

congenital

Question 17

what is Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

Answer 17

defective integrin adhesion molecules

-cant recruit WBCs (diapedesis)

Question 18

Is complement deficiencies congenital or aquired

Answer 18

congenital

Question 19

what is complement deficiencies

Answer 19

lacking components of the 3 complement pathways

Question 20

what causes aquired deficiencies

Answer 20

infection, Drug treatment, malnutrition, disease, age

Question 21

what is the classic example of an acquired deficiency

Answer 21

HIV/AIDS

Question 22

How does HIV attack the body

Answer 22

virus enters Helper T cells and take over (rendered defective)

Question 23

What are the 3 phases of HIV

Answer 23

1. Acute
2. Asymptomatic
3. AIDS

Question 24

what is the AIDS criteria

Answer 24

• HIV positive
• <200 CD4 t cells
• opportunistic infxn

Question 25

what are the therapeutic agents to attack HIV

Answer 25

-block receptors
-block fusion
-block RT
-block integrase
-block protease
(drug cocktail)

Question 26

is there a vaccine for HIV

Answer 26

no