Hypersensitivities

Question 1

T/F all forms of hypersensitivities require prior exposure to the antigen

Answer 1

TTTRRRUUUEEE!!!!!

Question 2

what are the 4 types of sensativities

Answer 2

I - (immediate) IgE
II - (antibody mediated) IgM / IgG
III - (immune complex) IgM / IgG
IV - T cell

Question 3

what is the initial exposure with Type I

Answer 3

• allergen enters body
• T cells turn into Th2 subset
• B-cells make IgE

Question 4

What is the sensitization with Type I

Answer 4

-IgE bind with mast cells

2nd exposure will activate mast cells

Question 5

What is the Allergic Reaction with Type I

Answer 5

• allergen binds to IgE on mast cell

released: histamine, Prostaglandins, leukotrienes (PRO-INFLAMMATORY)

Question 6

what are the 2 types of reactions with Type I

Answer 6

1. Systemic anaphylaxis

2. Localized anaphylaxis

Question 7

is systemic anaphylaxis injected or ingested

Answer 7

injected (ie. bee sting)

-results in shock

Question 8

is locaized anaphylaxis injected or ingested

Answer 8

ingested or inhaled

Question 9

what are the symptoms of an upper respiratory Type I reaction

Answer 9

• itchy eyes, congestion, sneezing

- due to: pollen, pet dander, dust mite feces

Question 10

what are the symptoms of a lower respiratory Type I reaction

Answer 10

asthma

tx- Epi-pen, albuterol

Question 11

what are the symptoms of a GI Type I reaction

Answer 11

Hives

-due to: peanuts, milk, egg etc.

Question 12

what is the long term treatment for Type I

Answer 12

• desensitize

- convert IgE to IgG

Question 13

where does the antibody of a Type II attach

Answer 13

surface of cells or the ECM

Question 14

what are the means of destruction with a Type II

Answer 14

1. ADCC

2. Complement

Question 15

what does ADCC stand for

Answer 15

Antibody- dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Question 16

how does ADCC kill tagged tissue

Answer 16

WBCs bind to Fc region of IgG or IgM and kill the cell

Question 17

what Ab are good at fixing complement in Type II

Answer 17

IgM and IgG

Question 18

What is an example of a Type II

Answer 18

hemolytic disease in new born (dad is RH+, mom is RH-, baby is RH+, moms immune system attacks 2nd babies immune system)

Question 19

where does the Ab-Ag complex go in Type III

Answer 19

accumulates and deposits in tissue and cause inflammation

Question 20

where do Ab-Ag complex in Type III like to deposit

Answer 20

vascular walls, joints, kidneys

Question 21

how does Ab-Ag complex in Type III cause a reaction

Answer 21

phagocytes try to eat the Ab-Ag complex and release inflammatory chemistry which destroy surrounding tisse

Question 22

What are some examples of Type III

Answer 22

Vasculitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis (can be III or IV)

Question 23

what is happening in a Type IV

Answer 23

inappropriate or excessive immune response from T cells (against self or exogenous)

Question 24

what T cells mediates “Delayed” Type IV

Answer 24

CD4 Helper T cells (Th1 and Th17 subsets)

Question 25

what T cell mediates “cell mediated cytotoxicity” in Type IV

Answer 25

CD8 Killer T cells

Question 26

does Type IV involve Antibodies

Answer 26

NNNNOOOOOOOO!!!!!!!

Question 27

What are some examples of Type IV

Answer 27

poison ivy, dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis