How Immune System deals with CA

Question 1

Can CTLs attack solid tumors

Answer 1

NO! CTLs traffic in the blood. solid tumors are in the tissue (cells outside the blood and lymph dont express much B7)

Question 2

T/F we give up the risk of CA to maintain t cell and b cell tolerance

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Tumor cells produce what protein ligate

Answer 3

CTLA-4 and PD-1

Question 4

Tumor cells increase the production of what cell

Answer 4

Tregs (TGF-beta, IL-10)

Question 5

do CTLs provide the pest protection against solid tumors

Answer 5

no

Question 6

are CTLs effective against blood CA

Answer 6

YES

Question 7

T/F CTLs traffic through blood and lymph coming into direct contact with blood CA

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

which WBCs provide protection against CA

Answer 8

highly active macrophages

Question 9

which cells do NK cells attack

Answer 9

cells that express low levels of MHC and abnormal proteins (CA)

Question 10

are NK cells recruited using diapedesis

Answer 10

YES

Question 11

whats the draw backs with NK cells and macrophages

Answer 11

macrophages need to be activated

NK cells need to be recruited

Question 12

what happens if the CA does not cause inflammation

Answer 12

macrophages and NK cells dont get “called in”

Question 13

which Ab is produced against tumors

Answer 13

IgM

Question 14

T/F complement activation is possible for recruitment

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

which ways can we detect CA

Answer 15

1. morphology (pap smear)
2. clinically (CAUTION)
3. Tests (PSA test)
4. Imaging (mammogram)
5. Microarray (global gene expression)

Question 16

what are the treatments for CA

Answer 16

1. Radiation
2. Chemotherapy
3. Surgery

Question 17

What does CAUTION stand for

Answer 17

C -change in bowel or bladder habits
A -  a sore that doesnt heal
U - unusual bleeding
T - thickening or lumps
I - indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O - obvious change in mole
N - nagging cough or hoarseness

Question 18

what is Immunotherapy

Answer 18

the use of immune cells or their products to treat diseases

Question 19

what viruses do we have vaccines against

Answer 19

1. Hep B

2. HPV

Question 20

what are therapeutic CA vaccines designed to do

Answer 20

treat CA directly