Immunocompromised Host

Question 1

What is the definition of the immunocompromised hosts

Answer 1

State in which the immune system is unable to respond appropriately and effectively

Question 2

What is the defect for children under 6 months

Answer 2

T cells or phagocyte defect

Question 3

What is the immunodeficiency defect for child 6 months to 5 years

Answer 3

The B cells and antibody or phagocyte defect

Question 4

What is the defect for 5 years to the later life

Answer 4

B cell
Antibody
Complement or secondary deficiency

Question 5

What is the difference between the primary and the secondary immune deficiency

Answer 5

Primary: congenital and the genetic
Secondary: acquired (from diseases)

Question 6

What is Brutons disease

Answer 6

X-linked agammaglobulinaemia
No mature B cells
No production of the antibody’s

Question 7

What is commmon variable immunodeficiency

Answer 7

The decrease in the protective antibodies

Question 8

What is hyper IgM syndrome

Answer 8

Large amount of the immature IgM antibodies
No igG which would be needed
So would be immunodeficient

Question 9

What is the deficiency in the igG2

Answer 9

IgG2 allow phagocytosis of the capsulated bacteria
When have the deficiency, would not allow the phagocytosis of the capsulated bacteria

Question 10

What are immunodeficiency’s caused by the antibodies

Answer 10

The hyper IgM syndrome
Brutons disease
Common variable immunodeficiency
The deficient igG2

Question 11

What are the immunodeficiency’s caused by the T cells

Answer 11

SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency)
The CD3 deficiency
The MHC1 AND MHC2

Question 12

What is SCID

Answer 12

when would have the deficiency in the b and the T cells
So would have no adaptive immune system

Question 13

What is the CD3 deficiency

Answer 13

No antigen presentation
So no interaction with the t and the B cells

Question 14

Why is it bad to have the MHC1 deficiency

Answer 14

Would not have the self antigen presentation
So self tolerance would go down

Question 15

What is chronic granulomatous disease

Answer 15

No oxygen burst
No antioxidant power
Bacteria cannot be broken

Question 16

What is chediak-higashi syndrome

Answer 16

No fusion of the phagosome and the lysosome
Bacteria cannot be broken down

Question 17

What are the factors that would make you suspect and immunodeficiency

Answer 17

S: SEVERE
P: PERSISTANT
U: UNUSUAL
R: RECURRENT

Question 18

What can cause the secondary immune deficiencys

Answer 18

Malnutrition
HIV
Splenectomy
Liver disease

Question 19

Why would malnutrition lead to the immune deficiency

Answer 19

Decreased amount of zinc
So would not allow the maturation of the B cells

Question 20

What bacteria would be present when have a complement deficiency

Answer 20

Neisseria species
Streptococcus
Haemophilus influenza

Question 21

What bacteria would be present when would have the phagocytic defects

Answer 21

Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas

Question 22

What bacteria would be present when would have the antibody deficiency

Answer 22

Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Haemophilus influenza

Question 23

What are the types of immunoglobulin replacement

Answer 23

IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulins)
ScIG (subcutaneous immunoglobulins)

Question 24

What are the conditions that the immunoglobulin replacement would be used for

Answer 24

Brutons disease (no B cells made so would have no antibodies)
Hyper IgM (giving the igG most likely)
Common variable immunodeficiency (low level of the protective antibodies)