Hepatitis Flashcards
What are the type of hepatitis
A B C DE
What type of virus is hep A
Non-enveloped RNA virus
Oral-fecal route
Comes with food poisoning
What type of virus is Hep B
The double stranded enveloped DNA virus
Would come from the sexual transmission
What type of virus is Hep C
Enveloped RNA
Sexually transmitted
What type of virus is hep D
Defective virus
Would only effect the hepatocytes when have the hep B
What type of virus is hepE
Non enveloped RNA
bad for the pregnancy
Treat with ribavirin
What are the elements of the Hep B virus structure
Surface antigens
Core antigens
Genetic info
E.antigens (around the core antigens)
DNA polymerase
What markers are present for the acute hep B infection
Surface antigens
IgM antibody’s for the core
+/- surface antibodies
What markers are present for the vaccinated hep B
No surface antigens
No core antibody’s
Surface antibodys
(Vaccine Would only target the outside antigens)
What markers are present for the chronic Hep b infection
Surface antigens
Core antibody’s (igG)
No surface antibody’s (would be hidden)
What markers are present for the past infection of hep B
No surface antigens
Core antibody’s (igG)
Surface antibody’s
Why would you get jaundice
No working liver cells
Not moving the billirubin to the bile ducts
Would build and have jaundice
How would you treat hep C
The anti-hep C antibody’s
The specific antivirals for the infection
What hep viruses have the vaccinations
Hep A and B
With C - only the anti-hep C antibodys
What blood tests would you do for the hepatitis
The liver function tests (ALT and AST)
The blood clotting factors
Why would you test for the blood clotting factors
They would be produced in the liver
What are the symptoms and signs of hepatitis
Anorexia
Pale stool
Dark urine
Abdominal pains
Nausea
Malaise
What antivirals would you use for hep
Enterocavir
Tenofavir
Lamivudine
What are the other physical signs of hepatitis
Jaundice
Spider naevi (small red blood vessels under the skin)
Palmar erthyema (red palms)
Gynaecomastia (males breast tissue formation)
What is the pathology of the hep b virus
Replicate in the liver
Invade
Production of the cytotoxic cytokines (immune reponse)
Damage to the liver cells would lead to the relapse of the liver enzymes
Leads to odema, necrosis, cirrhosis
Why would alkaline phosphatase be released
Would be in the cell walls of the cells
Would then show the hepatocyte damage
