Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biochemistry > Immunochemistry > Flashcards

Immunochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

1 type of Ig produced in large quantities

  1. Paraproteinemia
  2. Lytic bone lesions
  3. Spontaneous fractures
  4. Inc. beta2 microglobulin
  5. Hypercalcemia, Hypercalcuria
  6. Anaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bence Jones proteinuria

A
  • Monoclonal light chains excreted in urine due to asynchronous production of H, L chains
  • B-J proteins ppt b/w 45-60 C
  • May block kidney tubules causing renal failure
  • +ve Bradshaw test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Heavy chain disease

A
  • incomplete synthesis of H chains
  • gamma chain: hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy
  • alpha chain: abdominal lymphoma, malabsorption
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia

A
  • malignant proliferation of IgM
  • mostly in males
  • IgM form aggregates…inc. serum viscosity…recurrent bleeding
  • +ve Sia’s test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Amyloidosis

A
  • amyloid deposits in liver, kidney

- Congo red stains deposits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Type 1 hypersensitivity

A
  • IgE
  • pollen, dust
  • Allergen cross links IgE on membranes of mast cells and causes degranulation
  • Rhinitis, asthma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Type 2 hypersensitivity

A
  • IgM or IgG
  • Complement system or ADCC
    ex: transfusions, Rh incompatibility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type 3 hypersensitivity

A
  • Ag-Ab complexes deposited in organs

ex: glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Type 4 hypersensitivity

A
  • CD4 T cell mediated
  • produce cytokines
  • delayed type hypersensitivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Normal Th count vs HIV Th count

A

Normal - 400cumm

HIV - <300cumm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Real time PCR HIV particles count

A

<5000/mL - good prognosis

>100000/mL - very bad prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

RT inhibitors

A 
Zidovudine
Zidanosine
Zalcitabine
Stavudine
Lamivudine
Abacavir
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Protease inhibitors

A

Saquinavir
Ritonavir
Indinavir
Nelfinavir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IgG

A
  • gamma type L chains
  • Secondary immune response
  • crosses placenta
  • Rh immunization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

IgM

A
  • Macroglobulins
  • J chaped chain
  • Agglutinates bacteria
  • cannot cross vascular barriers
  • Primary response
  • Natural Ab
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

IgA

A
  • Dimer
  • Seromucous secretions
  • stabilised by secretory piece
17
Q

IgE

A
  • allergy, hypersensitivity
  • anchor on mast cells, basophils
  • cause degranulation releasing histamine, SRS
  • Vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, hypotension
  • Helminthic infections
18
Q

Microphages examples

A

PMNL
Neutophils
Eosinophils

19
Q

Macrophages examples

A

Reticuloendothelial cells

Monocytes

20
Q

Features of adaptive immunity

A
  1. Specificity
  2. Diversity
  3. Memory
  4. Homeostasis
  5. Discrimination
21
Q

Major activities of T lymphocytes

A

Cell mediated immunity

  1. Against infections
  2. Rejection of transplants
  3. Tumor cell destruction
  4. Helper function
  5. Suppressor function
  6. Production of cytokines, lymphokines
  7. Delayed type hypersensitivity
22
Q

Antibodies destroy target cells by

A
  1. Complement system
  2. ADCC cytotoxicity
  3. Agglutination
  4. Opsonization
23
Q

Antigen Presenting Cells

A
  1. Macrophages
  2. Dendritic cells
  3. B cells
24
Q

Order of activation of complement factors in classical complement pathway

A 
C1
C4
C2
C3 - C3a
C5 - C5a
C6 + C7
C8 + C9
25
Q

Order of activation of complement factors in alternate complement pathway

A 
Properdin
D
B
C3 - C3a
C5 - C5a
C6 + C7
C8 + C9
26
Q

C1 esterase inhibits

A

C1s
Plasmin
Kallekrein
Hagemen factor

27
Q

Interleukins

A
  • lymphokines
  • secreted by leukocytes
  • they are growth factors targeted to cells of haemopoeitic origin
28
Q

Interferons

A
  • in response to pathogens or tumors
  • allow communication b/w cells
    1. Activate immune cells
    2. Inc. recognition of Ap by inc. APC
    3. Inc. ability of host to resist infection
  • Muscle pain, fever
29
Q

IFNs for treatment

A

IFN b 1a, IFN b 1b - Multiple sclerosis
IFN a 2b - recurrent melanomas
IFN a - Hepatitis B, C

30
Q

Cytokines act as:

A
  1. Messengers
  2. Soluble mediators
  3. Regulatory proteins
  4. Effectors
31
Q

Types of cytokines

A
  1. Colony stimulating factors
  2. IFN
  3. ILs
  4. TNF
  5. Chemokines

Biochemistry (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions