Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Pathology/Parasitology > Immune system > Flashcards

Immune system Flashcards

1
Q

what does the immune system do?

A

Eliminates foreign substances introduced into the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the intention of the immune system?

A

to prevent the harmful effects caused by foreign substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what some foreign substances include? (6)

A

Bacteria, viruses, toxins, transplanted tissue, pollen, food proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the components of the immune system? (2)

A
  1. Nonspecific immune system

2. Specific immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does the nonspecific immune system do?

A

Prevents initial invasion by the antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are some ways the nonspecific immune system works? (2)

A
  1. Physical barriers

2. Phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the types of specific immune systems?

A

Humoral immune system

cell-mediated immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Humoral immunity is…

A

Involves the production of Ag-specific antibody by B-lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the antibody classes? (5)

A 
IgG
IgM
IgA
IgE
IgD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do antibodies do?

A

Antibodies remove extracellular Ag’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does cell mediated immune response involve?

A

Involves the production on Ag-specific T-lymphs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are cytotoxic cells?

A

cells that destroy Ag-infected cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is immunization?

A

The administration of an Ag to induce resistance to infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how can immunization be achieved? (2)

A
  1. Exposure to infectious disease

2. Vaccination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are some forms of vaccines? (3)

A
  1. Killed/Inactivated
  2. Modified Live/Attenuated
  3. Recombinant/Genetically Engineered
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how can temporary immunization be achieved?

A

antibody administration

17
Q

what are some forms of temporary immunization?

A
  1. Passive immunity

2. Immunoglobulin injection

18
Q

passive immunity is…

A

Colostrum

19
Q

immunoglobulin is…

A

Preformed antibodies made in a laboratory

20
Q

what are some immune system diseases? (3)

A
  1. Anaphylaxis (Allergies)
  2. Autoimmune diseases
  3. Immunodeficiency
21
Q

how does anaphylaxis occur?

A

Binding of an Ag to IgE covered mast cells or basophils leading to the release of chemical mediators

22
Q

what are some examples of Ag that cause anaphylaxis? (6)

A

vaccines, drugs, pollens/molds, food ingredients, insect bites

23
Q

what are some clinical signs of anaphylaxis?

A

Shock, hives, nasal/ocular discharge, asthma, vomiting, diarrhea, dermatitis

24
Q

what is autoimmune disease?

A

Antibodies fighting against the animal’s own normal cells are formed causing their destruction

25
Q

what are some examples of autoimmune disease? (4)

A
  1. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)
  2. Autoimmune thrombocytopenia
  3. Pemphigus
  4. Myasthenia gravis
26
Q

what is immunodeficiency?

A

Lack of the immune system components necessary to provide immunity

27
Q

what are most immune system diagnostic test based on?

A

the humoral immune system’s response to Ag

28
Q

what is serology?

A

Serology the science of detection and measurement of Ab’s or Ag’s

29
Q

what do serologic test do?

A

makes the Ag/Ab reaction visible to the naked eye if the sample is positive

30
Q

what are the types of serology tests? (3)

A
  1. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
  2. Latex Agglutination
  3. Immunodifusion
31
Q

what are serology tests based on?

A

Based on antibody-antigen interaction

32
Q

what does the heart worm test detect?

A

Dirofilaria immitis antigen in feline and canine whole blood, serum, or plasma

33
Q

what is the enzyme immunoassay?

A

conjugate reacts with reagents in the test device

34
Q

What can the color change on the device mean?

A

Color development in the antigen spot is proportional to amount of antigen in blood

35
Q

Why should we vaccinate? (4)

A

Fatal disease
Zoonotic disease
Limited treatment options
Economics

36
Q

Immunity is…

A

a body’s protection against disease

37
Q

Antibodies are…

A

protein produced by lymphocytes

38
Q

what do antibodies neutralize?

A

antigens

Antigen – antibody generating protein-identifier – foreign/self

39
Q

what does the immune system consist of?

A

Leukocytes and Lymphocytes

Clinical Pathology/Parasitology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions