Immune Response Pathways

Question 1

what are the four immune pathways we talked about

Answer 1

1. bacterial infection
2. viral infection
3. allergic reaction
4. autoimmune response

Question 2

Bacterial Infection:
1. ______ response: ______ cascade
2. _________ response: ______ _______ presentation
3. novel (new) bacteria –> ____ immune response (lag time)
familiar bacteria –> ______ immune response (no lag time)

Answer 2

Bacterial Infection:
1. HUMORAL response: COMPLEMENT cascade
2. CELL MEDIATED response: MACROPHAGE’S ANTIGEN presentation
3. novel (new) bacteria –> PRIMARY immune response (lag time)
familiar bacteria –> SECONDARY immune response (no lag time)

Question 3

Viral Infection: [ICF or ECF]

1. in the ECF:
   a. _______ (phagocytotic + antigen presenting)
   b. _______ response –> antibodies (________)
2. in ICF:
   a. ___ cells (kiss of death)
   b. _____ T cells –> apoptosis
   c. ____ cells or __ cells can release _____ to help protect neighboring cells

Answer 3

Viral Infection: [ICF or ECF]

1. in the ECF:
   a. MACROPHAGES (phagocytotic + antigen presenting)
   b. HUMORAL response –> antibodies (NEUTRALIZATION)
2. in ICF:
   a. NK cells (kiss of death)
   b. CYTOTOXIC T cells –> apoptosis
   c. INFECTED cells or NK cells can release INTERFERONS to help protect neighboring cells

Question 4

Allergic Reactions:
1. first exposure –> _____ ______ response
humoral and ________ responses which create ____
2. second exposure –> ______ create a strong ______ response
stimulates which cells that release a large amount of ________ systemically —> vaso____ and broncho_____
if severe: called ______ which can lead to ________

Answer 4

Allergic Reactions:
1. first exposure –> WEAK PRIMARY response
humoral and CELL MEDIATED responses which create MEMORY CELLS
2. second exposure –> MEMORY CELLS create a strong SECONDARY response
stimulates which cells that release a large amount of HISTAMINE systemically —> vaso-DILATION and broncho-CONSTRICTION
if severe: called ANAPHYLAXIS which can lead to ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK

Question 5

Autoimmune Response:
1. possibly triggered by _______ or during heightened ________
2. some are very ____ to a tissue ie: MS, psoriasis etc
others are multi tissue ie: RA, lupus
3. diagnosis often uses ____________ in ______

Answer 5

Autoimmune Response:
1. possibly triggered by VIRAL INFECTION or during heightened IMMUNE RESPONSE
2. some are very SPECIFIC to a tissue ie: MS, psoriasis etc
others are multi tissue ie: RA, lupus
3. diagnosis often uses AUTO-ANTIBODIES in PLASMA