Excretion

Question 1

what is clearance

describe the process

Answer 1

a way to measure GFR
an injection of a molecule into the blood that will be filtered but NOT reabsorbed and a blood assay to detect the rate of disappearance in blood

Question 2

once the urine leaves ___________ it is no longer modified

Answer 2

collecting

Question 3

what is the pathway that urine goes to be excreted

Answer 3

1. collecting duct
2. renal pelvis
3. ureters ( smooth muscle -> peristalsis)
4. bladder

Question 4

describe the cellular layout of the bladder

what does that allow

Answer 4

overlapping cells that can slide past each other that allows expansion of the bladder while keeping the pressure low

Question 5

as the bladder fillers, ________ send an action potential down afferent nerves to the _________

Answer 5

1. stretch receptors

2. spinal cord

Question 6

__________ motor neurons cause _______________

Answer 6

1. parasympathetic

2. contraction of the bladder

Question 7

the _____ urethral sphincter dilates (smooth muscle)

Answer 7

internal

Question 8

limited somatic control over the ______ urethral sphincter (skeletal muscle)

Answer 8

external