Digestion and Absorption

Question 1

what is a brush border

Answer 1

high surface area due to villi and microvilli

Question 2

Carbohydrates:

1. ______ ______ partial hydrolysis
2. further hydrolysis via _____ and _____ enzymes
3. absorption is limited to __________
4. jejunum and ileum contain _____ on apical membrane and _____ on the basolateral membrane then diffuse into _______

Answer 2

Carbohydrates:

1. SALIVARY AMYLASEpartial hydrolysis
2. further hydrolysis via PANCREATIC and DUODENAL enzymes
3. absorption is limited to MONOSACCHARIDES
4. jejunum and ileum contain SGLT on apical membrane and GLUT on the basolateral membrane then diffuse into INTESTINAL CAPILLARIES

Question 3

peptides:
1. hydrolysis begins in the _____ with _____
2. some hydrolases are:
a. endopeptidases
b. exopeptadases
3. there are multiple transport systems b/c ________
some short chains are absorbed via ______

Answer 3

peptides:
1. hydrolysis begins in the STOMACH with PEPSIN
2. some hydrolases are:
a. endopeptidases
b. exopeptadases
3. there are multiple transport systems b/c AA STRUCTURE IS HIGHLY VARIABLE
some short chains are absorbed via TRANSCYTOSIS

Question 4

Lipid digestion:

1. digestion begins in the ______
2. ____ is released and separated lipids to form micelle
3. micelle diffuses across _____ membrane
4. repackaged in to a chylomicron and diffuses across the _____ membrane
5. chylomicrons cannot enter capillaries so they are instead absorbed into the _____

Answer 4

Lipid digestion:

1. digestion begins in the DUODENUM
2. BILE is released and separated lipids to form micelle
3. micelle diffuses across APICAL membrane
4. repackaged in to a chylomicron and diffuses across the BASOLATERAL membrane
5. chylomicrons cannot enter capillaries so they are instead absorbed into the LYMPH

Question 5

Vitamins (_______) and Minerals (_______)

1. occurs in the _____ and _____
2. ______ soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K)
3. ______ soluble vitamins (B,C)

Answer 5

Vitamins (ORGANIC ) and Minerals (INORGANIC)

1. occurs in the JEJUNUM and ILEUM
2. FAT soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K)
3. WATER soluble vitamins (B,C)

Question 6

water absorption:
1. mostly in the ______ and a little in the ______
2. ________ and enterocytes actively transport and store
____
3. ____ of water

Answer 6

water absorption:
1. mostly in the COLON (LARGE INTESTINES) and a little in the SMALL INTESTINES
2. COLONOCYTES and enterocytes actively transport and store
Na+
3. OSMOSIS of water