Imagery and Illustration Flashcards
1) Explain photographic imagery
2) Explain cartoon imagery
3) Explain digital illustration
1) Images created using a camera
2) Images that look 2D and are semi-realistic
3) Images created digitally using an illustration or graphic software
1) Explain stencil imagery
2) Explain symbols imagery
3) Explain hand-drawn illustration
1) A picture made by drawing or painting through the holes in a piece of card, etc. onto a surface, this is handmade.
2) Digitally created 2D images, such as a home icon.
3) An image drawn by hand using media such as pencils.
1) Explain lino print imagery
2) Explain mono print imagery
3) Explain infographic imagery
1) Lino Printing involves carving a pattern or design into a linoleum, rubber or vinyl surface that can then be printed from. It is handmade.
2) Monoprint is a form of printmaking where the image can only be made once, and looks flat on the page. It is handmade.
3) Infographic imagery is a representation of information in a graphic format designed to make the data easily understandable at a glance. It is digitally created.
1) What does an illustrator do?
2) List some examples of media that an illustrator may use
3) What contexts can illustrations be found in?
1) An illustrator is someone who creates artwork to illustrate (represent / visually explain) a theme, topic, narrative or subject. Work can be produced in a realistic or fantasy style or a combination of the two.
2) Some hand techniques:
- Pencil
- Coloured pencil crayons
- Marker pens
- Pen and ink
- Watercolours
- Oil pastilles
- Printing (block, lino, mono)
Some digital techniques:
- Vector illustrations
- Graphics tablet
- Photo manipulation
3) Graphic novels, Comic strips/storyboarding, Websites, Video games, Fashion and textiles, Technical illustrations, Posters, Infographics
1) State the 4 types of imagery
2) What is a pixel image?
3) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a raster (pixel) image?
1) Photographic, illustration, drawing and graphic.
2) A pixel image is made up of tiny squares that create one larger image. On pixel images, if you zoom in far enough, you can begin to see the square forms within the image. Each of these visible squares is a pixel.
3) Advantages of using a Raster (pixel) image:
Raster files display a wider array of colours, permit greater colour editing, and show finer light and shading than vectors. Must be used for photographic imagery.
Disadvantages of using a Raster (pixel) image:
They lose image quality when resized. An easy way to tell if an image is raster or vector is to increase its size. If the image becomes blurred or pixelated, it’s most likely a raster file.
1) What is a vector image?
2) What are the advantages of using a vector image?
3) What are the disadvantages of using a vector image?
1) What Is a Vector Image?
Vector file graphics are more mathematical than pixel images. As you enlarge an image, you won’t see pixel squares because the lines and shapes in the image are mapped out mathematically so they will always readjust to keep their original shape
2) Advantages of using a Vector image:
Vector formats are good for projects that require scalable graphics. Images that need to be scaled to a large size such as posters will not lose and clarity unlike raster images
3) Disadvantages of using a Vector image:
Highly detailed digital photos may be better suited to the raster format, where their individual pixels can be edited. A photographic vector image will show contour lines.
1) State 5 raster image file types
2) State 3 vector image file types
3) What is a file format?
1) JPEG, GIF, TIFF, RAW and PNG are all raster image file extensions.
2) Vector image file extensions include EPS, AI and PDF.
3) File format: describes different methods of digitally encoding, storing and transferring data. Common file formats include PDF and JPEG.
1) What is image resolution?
2) How is resolution measured?
3) What is digital image correction?
1) In digital photography, resolution is the level of detail contained in an image. More specifically, it refers to the number of pixels that exist within that image. The higher the resolution, and the richer the pixel count, the more detail and definition you will see.
2) The resolution of a digital image is measured using its pixels; specifically in pixels per inch (PPI). For printing, picture resolution is measured by dots per inch (DPI), referring to the tiny droplets of ink that printers create.
3) Image editing is the process of improving an image’s essential components and characteristics. It is generally used to make photos seem flawless and free of any flaws that may have happened during the capture process.
If an image lacks brightness, exposure, contrast, or saturation, image editing can assist in modifying these variables until the image looks ideal and perfectly balanced.
1) Explain cropping images
2) What is a colour cast?
3) Explain colour balance
1) Cropping is the term for cutting away parts of a picture. Most photo-editing software gives you the option to crop images from publisher to power point to Adobe photoshop, allowing you to either retain the images original proportions or create a new format or shape.
2) A colour cast is an unwanted colour shift in the whole image, which can be caused by reflected light from a nearby object.
For example, many photos taken using fluorescent lighting tend to have a greenish colour cast.
3) Colour balance in graphic design is one of the key principles determining whether a project is visually appealing or not.
With balance in design, experts can ensure the various elements of a page are distributed in an aesthetically pleasing format, reducing eye strain and visual overwhelm.
1) Explain saturation
2) Explain colour contrast
1) By changing the saturation, you are able to reduce or intensify the purity of a colour as displayed in an image. The higher the saturation of a colour, the more vivid and intense it is. The lower a colours saturation, the closer it is to pure grey on the grayscale.
2) By changing the colour contrast is a term used in colour theory that describes the difference between different colour hues. Tonal contrast — a different type of contrast adjustment — describes the difference between the lightest and darkest tones in the image.
1) What are colour modes?
2) Explain what the different types of colour modes are for
1) Colour modes are the settings designers use to show colours consistently across devices and materials. Commonly used modes are RGB, CMYK and grayscale. Designers pick modes to optimize images and ensure these appear identically across media for brand consistency.
2) RGB (red, green, blue): Used for digital screen based graphics such as websites.
CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black): Used for print based graphics such as magazines or posters.
State some advantages of the following file formats:
1) JPEG
2) PDF
3) PNG
1) JPEG:
JPEG is the most common format for storing and transmitting photographic images. (1)
allows for small file sizes (1)
Has a widely supported format with good compatibility (1)
Has a good colour range. (1)
2) PDF:
A PDF is a file format that is independent of application, software, hardware or operating system (1)
PDF file format has lossless compression so when saving and reopening there is no loss of image quality (1)
Non editable content can protect intellectual property (1) this file format maintains printed format. (1)
3) PNG:
Widely accepted file format with good compatibility (1)
PNG file format has lossless compression so when saving and reopening there is no loss of image quality (1)
Allows areas of transparency to be saved in the image. (1)
List some graphic design techniques that can be used (try and list up to 14 in total)
Techniques:
Colour mixing (1) – colour mixing could be used to apply colours in the illustration (digitally or by hand). (1)
Sketching (1) – sketching is a process used to develop and record hand rendered illustrations. (1)
Gradients (1) – gradients could be used to blend colours in the illustration. (1)
Contrast (1) – contrast could be used to emphasise areas in the illustration.
Alignment (1) AO1 – alignment could be used to plan the composition of the image in the illustration. (1)
Digital image manipulation (1) – digital image manipulation could be used create a digital illustration or to manipulate a hand rendered illustration. (1)
Digital illustration (1) – digital illustration could be used create a digital illustration or to manipulate a hand rendered illustration. (1)
Photography (1) – photography could be used to collect images for inspiration (1) or to collect images to form part of the illustration. (1)
Mono print (1) – mono print could be used create a hand printed illustration. (1) AO3
Lino print (1) – lino print could be used create a hand printed illustration. (1)
Stencil (1) – stencils could be used create a hand printed or spray painted illustration. (1)
Free hand drawing (1) – free hand drawing could be used to create a hand rendered illustration. (1)
Scanning (1) – scanning could be used to digitise a hand rendered illustration (1) or import found imagery into a digital environment. (1)
Collage (1) - collage could be used to create an illustration using found imagery. (1)
List some graphic design tools that you can use (try and list up to 9)
Tools
Pens (1) - pens could be used to create a hand rendered illustration. (1)
Brushes (1) - brushes could be used to create an illustration using paint or ink. (1)
Pencils (1) - pencils could be used to create a hand rendered illustration. (1)
Tablet (1) – a tablet could be used to create a digital illustration. (1)
Scanner or scanner apps (1) - a scanner or scanner apps could be used to digitize a hand rendered illustration (1) or import found imagery into a digital environment. (1)
Software applications (1) – software applications could be used to create a digital illustration. (1)
Camera (1) – a camera could be used to photograph images to be used as sources of inspiration (1) or to use as part of an illustration. (1)
Computer (1) - a computer could be used to create a digital illustration or to digitize a hand rendered illustration. (1)
List some graphic design materials that you can use (try and list up to 7)
Materials
Paints (1) - paints could be used to create a hand
rendered illustration. (1)
Inks (1) - inks could be used to create a hand rendered illustration. (1)
Paper (1) - paper could be used as a surface to illustrate onto (1) or as a surface to print digital images onto. (1)
Marker pens (1) – marker pens could be used to create a hand rendered illustration. (1)
Charcoal (1) – charcoal could be used to create a hand rendered illustration. (1)
Card (1) - card could be used as a surface to illustrate onto (1) AO3 or as a surface to print digital images onto. (1)
Acetate (1) – acetate could be used as a surface to illustrate onto (1) or as a surface to print digital images onto. (1)
