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J - SOC 203 > Illness and Health Care > Flashcards

Illness and Health Care Flashcards

1
Q

n=1 fallacy.

A

Sample size is one, where you personalize things.

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2
Q

What are the 4 main concerns of sociologists?

A
  • Impact of social forces.
  • Distribution of effects.
  • Impact on individuals.
  • Health care questions.
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3
Q

Health care from a structural-functionalist perspective.

A

Illness, health, and health care affect and are affected by changes in other aspects of social life

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4
Q

Health Care System according to a Structural-Functionalist perspective.

A

An institution that functions to maintain the well-being of societal member and of the social system as a whole.

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5
Q

Illness according to a Structural-Functionalist perspective.

A

A dysfunctional condition (deviance) that interferes with people performing needed social roles (societal functioning).

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6
Q

Anything outside of societal norms are considered ___ according to a Structural-Functionalist perspective.

A

Deviance

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7
Q

Illness is ___ according to a Structural-Functionalist perspective.

A

Deviance.

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8
Q

According to a Structural-Functionalist perspective, what did Talcott Parsons say about the ill?

A

The ill adopt a Sick Role.

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9
Q

Sick Role according to a Structural-Functionalist perspective.

A

Society allows them to temporarily withdraw while they recuperate.

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10
Q

Sick Role is ___ deviance according to a Structural-Functionalist perspective.

A

Sanctioned.

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11
Q

What is the expectation of the Sick Role according to a Structural-Functionalist perspective?

A

Person will see medical advice, adhere to prescribed regimen, and return to normal roles as soon as possible.

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12
Q

What did Ivan Emke encourage?

A

Responsibilization in an increasingly neo-liberal system.

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13
Q

Who put the responsibility on individuals to limit the demands on the health care system?

A

Ivan Emke.

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14
Q

___ ___ disputed the presence of a “Sick Role.”

A

Ivan Emke.

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15
Q

How does the Symbolic Interactionist Perspective look at health care?

A

How do meanings, definitions, and labels influence health? How are they learned through interaction with others and through media messages and portrayals?

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16
Q

The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective says that illness and disease are ___ definitions.

A

Social.

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17
Q

What are some stigmatizing effects of being labelled sick or mentally ill?

A
  • Condition may become a person’s master status.

- Label may lead to prejudice, discrimination, violence.

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18
Q

The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective says that there is a trend towards ___ in health care.

A

Medicalization.

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19
Q

Karl Marx wants to ___ the world, not just to interpret the world.

A

Change.

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20
Q

Health

A

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well being.

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21
Q

There is a need to consider social structure and ___.

A

Culture.

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22
Q

Concerned with the notion of epic theatre and how to force the audience to become part of play. Asked what social conditions are that contribute to poor health.

A

Bertolt Brecht.

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23
Q

Who was concerned with the social determinants of health?

A

Irving Zola, Bertolt Brecht.

24
Q

Social Determinants of Health

A

The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, including the health system.

25
Q

Social Determinants of Health are shaped by…

A

The distribution of money, power, and resources.

26
Q

There is a trend towards ___.

A

Medicalization.

27
Q

Medicalization

A

The tendency to define negatively defined behaviours as medical problems in need of medical intervention.

28
Q

Give an example of medicalization.

A

Shyness or female sexual dysfunction is treated as a medical problem.

29
Q

SDH mostly responsible for health ___.

A

Inequalities.

30
Q

Health Inequalities

A

The unfair and avoidable differences in health status.

31
Q

Do individual lifestyle factors play a role in health?

A

Yes, but there are other social factors to think about.

32
Q

The biomedical model of health just aims to treat…

A

Medical problems on an individual basis.

33
Q

What does the conflict perspective say about health care?

A

Heatlh, health care, and research are affected by wealth, status, power, or the lack thereof.

34
Q

According to the conflict perspective, how is medicine like a commodity?

A

It can be produced and sold - people struggle over scarce resources (medical resources).

35
Q

In the conflict perspective, ___ motive underlies illness, injury, and death. Is related to working conditions and dangerous consumer products.

A

Profit.

36
Q

Corporate violence

A

Producing things that may not be beneficial, and may in fact harm people.

37
Q

Dr. Devra Davis

A

Epidemiologist that argues that why would corporations want to get rid of cancer when they can profit from it? Selling hope for too long.

38
Q

According to the feminist perspective, health care is understood through understanding that…

A

Gender is central to social life (not peripheral).

39
Q

The feminist perspective is also tied to…

A

Class, race, ethnicity, and age.

40
Q

Which is correct? Social class or socio-economic status?

A

Socio-economic status.

41
Q

SES

A

Combination of economic and social circumstances that shape one’s experiences as a member of a given class.

42
Q

SES looks at…

A

Occupation, education, income, wealth.

43
Q

What is SES’s impact on health?

A

Many women must “double shift.”

44
Q

Double Shift

A

Women have greater responsibility for home life, as well as bringing in an income.

45
Q

What is an effect of the Double Shift?

A

Increased rate of heart problems.

46
Q

Women’s health is defined and understood on the basis of…

A

A male-centric model and male norms.

47
Q

What are 4 social factors associated with health and illness?

A
  • Social class and poverty.
  • Education.
  • Gender.
  • Racial and ethnic minority status.
48
Q

What are some determinants of mental health?

A
  • Biological.
  • Poverty.
  • History of abuse.
  • Emotional trauma.
  • Increased life expectancy.
  • War and conflict.
49
Q

What is the world’s leading health problem?

A

Poverty.

50
Q

What are some things associated with poverty?

A
  • Unsanitary living conditions.
  • Hazardous working conditions.
  • Lack of access to medical care.
  • Inadequate nutrition.
51
Q

What is low socioeconomic status associated with?

A

Increased risks of:

  • Psychiatric conditions.
  • Higher rates of mortality.
  • Higher levels of stress.
52
Q

What is education associated with?

A
  • Higher rates of health problems and mortality.
  • Less educated are more likely to engage in health-risk behaviours, such as smoking and heavy drinking.
  • Less educated women:
    • Less likely to seek prenatal care.
    • More likely to smoke during pregnancy.
53
Q

What is gender associated with?

A
  • Discrimination and violence against women/girls produce adverse health effects.
  • Violence against women - major public health concern.
  • Currently in Canada.
    • Women live longer than men.
      • Higher rates of illness and disability.
    • Men are less likely to seek medical care. Why?
54
Q

What do racial and ethnic minority status indicate?

A

Inadequate income, welfare, substandard housing conditions, stress on mental health, and well-being evident in people’s lives.

55
Q

How is the situation of Aboriginal peoples indicative of a social problem?

A
  • Life expectancy: 7-8 years shorter than non-Aboriginal Canadians.
  • Infant mortality: 2x higher.
  • Accidental death and injury among children: 4x higher.
56
Q

What is the primary strategy for action?

A

Poverty alleviation.

J - SOC 203 (24 decks)

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