IFSTA SAFETY OFFICER Flashcards
The NFA divides safety officer into what 2 titles?
- health and safety officer
- incident safety officer
fire department safety officer is what NFPA standard?
1521
who is the individual assigned and authorized by the fire chief as the manager of the health and safety program?
health and safety officer
who is a member of the command staff responsible for monitoring and assessing safety hazards or unsafe situations and for developing measures to ensure personal safety?
incident safety officer
NIMS was directed through what homeland security presidential directive?
5
what was developed to mandate a consistent nationwide approach to prepare for, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents?
NIMS
A safety officer ___ is qualified to deploy nationwide as part of a national incident management team.
1
A safety officer ____ is usually qualified at the state or local level to function at wildland and interface fires or other disasters.
2
what safety officer type can be the safety officer assigned to initial attack operations.
line
management of domestic incidents is what presidential directive?
5
what is a hometown hero LODD?
firefighters who suffered a heart attack within 24 hours of a physical exertion activity or stressful duty related activity.
what is it called when firefighters who suffered a heart attack within 24 hours of a physical exertion activity or stressful duty related activity.
hometown hero LODD
who is ultimately responsible for the safety of all members operating in an incident?
IC
who serves as the safety officer when no one has been delegated for the task?
IC
what is defined in writing and can take on may forms such as SOP, SOG, directives and temporary memorandums?
formal process
______ are strict directives that must be followed with little to no flexibility?
procedures
_______ are adaptable templates that allow flexibility in application?
guidelines
what is a process or operation that is part of a departments routine but that is not written?
informal process
carbon monoxide detectors are designed to activate at as little as ____ ppm.
20
OSHA regulations are also known as what?
code of federal regulations
what regulations often outline the equipment required for a given process to be accomplished?
code of federal regulations
what standards are designed to offer a minimum acceptable standard for equipment design, application and maintenance?
NFPA standards
the protective (insulate) quality of structural gear is given a relative value known as what?
thermal protective performance
a successful _____ program usually works in tandem with a successful ______ program.
safety, training
an organization plagued by injuries or suffering from costly accidents usually has a defeciency in its ______ program.
training
_______ is the process of learning and applying knowledge and skills.
training
______ is the process of ones analytical ability using principles, concepts and values.
education
of all the factors affecting safety, ______ is the hardest to address.
attitude
the departments ______ culture is made up of the ideas, skills, and customs that are passed from one generation to another.
safety
The function of incident action plan review falls under what authority?
ISO
What kind of analysis falls under the functions of both the ISO and HSO?
post-incident analysis
OSHA compliance falls under the responsibility of which kind of officer?
HSO
What year was NFPA 1500 adopted?
1987
what program was the direct descendent of the FIRESCOPE program?
NIIMS
what acronym is used to describe line safety officers in NIIMS?
SOFR
What organization sets the rates for workers compensation?
NCCI
How many components are necessary to a safe operational environment?
3
of all the factors affecting safety, ______ is the hardest to address.
attitude
______ can be simply defined as the chance of damage, injury, or loss.
risk
what is the process of minimizing the chance, degree, or probability of damage, injury or loss?
risk management
risk managers use a _____ step system called classic risk management.
5
identifying hazards is the primary function of an ____.
ISO
what can cause lung cancer with just one exposure?
benzene
_____ is the probability that an injurious event can happen.
frequency
_____ can be viewed as a harmful consequence or cost associated with injury or property damage from a give hazard.
severity
the overall strategy of hazard control is called _______.
mitigation
the actual action used for mitigation is called ______.
countermeasure
what is a process defined in writing?
formal process
_____ is an acceptable template that offers wide flexibility in application.
guideline
what is a process that is part of a departments routine, but is not written?
informal process
a ______ is a strict directive that must be followed with little or no flexibility.
procedure
_______ is the process of learning, and applying knowledge and skills.
training
the NFPA was established in ______.
1986
the ______ is recognized for developing consensus standards, guides and codes for a whole realm of fire related topics.
NFPA
______ is tasked with the creation and enforcement of workplace law.
OSHA
OSHA is part of what branch of government?
Department of labor
OSHA uses the _____ as the body of law to improve workplace safety.
CFR
______ is the safety and health research arm of the federal government.
NIOSH
a ____ is an enforceable rule of conduct that helps protect a society.
law
what type of law deals with rules of conduct in civil and criminal matters.
statutory
what type of law refers to a precedent established over time through the judicial process.
case law
a ______ typically outline details and procedures that have the force of law issued by an executive government authority.
regulation
a ______ is a work of law established or adopted by a rule-making authority.
code
the term ______ can apply to any set of rules, procedures, or professional measurements that are established by an authority.
standard
a ______ is a publication that offers procedures, directions, or standards of care as a reasonable means to address a condition or situation.
guide
NFPA 1500 was established in what year?
1987
NFPA ______ is now a professional qualifications standard containing job requirements for HSO and ISO.
1521
as applied to a residential structure fire, _______ ________ means fire propagation, building degradation, and smoke volatility.
environmental change
A _______ _______ can be defined as one at which the initial response assignment is 100% committed and more resources are needed.
working incident
Once the span of control grows past ___, the IC should include an ISO.
3
_____ are nothing more than static and dynamic weights that are applied to buildings.
loads
a ______ _____ refers to the weight of the building itself and anything permanently attached to it.
dead load
a ____ ____ refers to any force or weight, other than the building itself, that a building must carry or absorb.
live load
an ______ load is imposed through the centroid of another object.
axial
an ______ load is imposed off center to another object.
eccentric
a ______ load is imposed in a manner that causes another object to twist.
torsional
____ force causes a material to be crushed or flattened axially through the material.
compression
______ force causes a material to be stretched or pulled apart in line with the material.
tension
______ force causes a material to be torn in opposite directions perpendicular or diagonal to the material.
shear
the ______ of a material directly affects its fire resistance.
mass
______ materials will fracture or fail as they are deformed or stressed past their design limits.
brittle
____ materials will bend, deflect, or stretch, yet retain some strength as a force is resisted.
ductile
_____ is a ductile material that has excellent tensile, shear, and compressive strength.
steel
cold drawn steel, loses ___% of its strength at _____F.
55, 800
extruded steel loses _% of its strength at __F.
50, 1100
_____ refers to the crumbling and loss of concrete material when exposed to heat.
spalling
______ is a common term that refers to brick, concrete block, and stone.
masonry
a ______ wall supports only its own weight and is commonly used as a decorative finish.
veneer
buildings are an assembly of structural elements designed to transfer loads to the _____.
earth
_____ _____ can be defined as the primary load bearing columns, beams and connections used to erect a building.
columns
a ______ is any structural element that transmits a compressive force axially through its center.
column
a structural element that transfers loads perpendicularly to its imposed load is called a ______.
beam
a ____ beam is supported by 2 points near its ends.
simple
a ____ beam is supported in 3 or more places.
continuous
a ____ beam is supported at only one end.
cantilever
a _____ beam spans an opening in a load bearing masonry wall.
lintel
a lintel beam is commonly called what?
header
a _____ beam carries other beams.
girder
a _____ is a wood framing member used to support floors or roof sheathing.
joist
a ______ is a series of beams placed perpendicularly to other trusses or beams to help support roof decking.
purlin
In a ____ _____ truss, the top and bottom chords run in the same plane.
parallel chord
in a ____ truss, the top cord is arched.
arched
a ______ can be defined as a structural element used to attach other structural elements to each other.
connection
______ connections use nuts, bolts, screws, nails and rivets.
pinned
Type I building?
fire-resistive
fire-resistive is what type of building?
I
high rises, mega malls, large stadiums and larger hospitals are what type?
I
type II building construction?
non combustible
non combustable is what type?
II
type ____ buildings are susceptible to steel deformation.
II
type III construction.
ordinary
ordinary construction is what type?
III
type _____ construction includes buildings in which the load bearing walls are noncombustible (masonry).
III
the primary fire and collapse concerns with _______ construction are the many void spaces.
ordinary
type IV construction.
heavy timber
heavy timber is what type?
IV
type ____ construction can be defined as those that have block or brick exterior load bearing walls and interior structural elements that have substancial dimension.
IV
type V construction.
wood frame
wood frame is what type of construction?
V
a ____ _____ is a non load bearing wall that supports only itself and is used to keep weather out.
curtain wall
predicting collapse by classifying the buildings construction is what step?
1
predicting collapse by determining structural involvement is what step?
2
predicting collapse by visualizing and tracing loads is what step?
3
predicting collapse by evaluating time is what step?
4
predicting collapse by communicating the collapse potential is what step?
5
unfinished wood that is being rapidly heated emits a ______ smoke.
brownish
brownish smoke is a _______ warning sign in lightweight wood construction.
collapse
structural failure is often the result of a ______ failure.
connection
______ are nothing more than fake beams.
trusses
in type _____ construction, void spaces are numerous.
III
a _____ wall is the extension of a wall past the top of the roof.
parapet
smoke leaving a structure has 4 key attributes; they are what?
volume, velocity, density, and color
___ is the chemical breakdown of compounds into other substances by heat alone.
pyrolysis
surfaces that are smoking, not burning, are off _____.
aggregating
soot is ____.
carbon
____ is the trace materials that can no longer support flame.
ash
carbon will add a ______ color to smoke.
black
ash will add a dirty _____ color to smoke.
white
an _____ can be defined as a suspended or propelled liquid.
aerosal
within a room, the off-gassed smoke from so many low-mass materials, _______ air, leading to what is termed as a ______ _____ condition.
displaces, ventilation limited
the ____ phase includes the event that brings together heat, fuel, and oxygen to start the self-sustaining process of combustion.
ignition
the _____ _____ phase has also been labeled as the fuel-controlled phase.
initial growth
in what phase is fire growth controlled by the proximity of burning fuels to other fuels?
initial growth
the ____ _____ phase is a compartmentalized fire condition where open flaming decreases because smoke production displaces and limits available air.
ventilation limited
the ____ ____ phase is a rapid fire growth phenomenon that occurs when combustion air is reintroduced into a ventilation-controlled fire.
explosive growth
the _____ ______ phase leads to total flame involvement of the interior flow paths.
fully developed
______ is a hostile event warning sign and is characterized as the intermittent ignition of small pockets of smoke.
ghosting
_____ is usually seen as fingers of flame that dance through the upper smoke layers.
ghosting
____ includes the ignition and sustained burning of the overhead smoke layer within a room.
flameover
a _____ _____ is a hostile event that occurs when a spark or flame is introduced into a pocket of smoke that is below the ignition temp but above the flashpoint.
smoke explosion
_____ _____ typically occur in a trapped area away from the fire.
smoke explosion
______ is a sudden, hostile, fire event that occurs when all the surfaces and contents in a space reach their ignition temperatures at once.
flashover
in most cases, _______ occurs because the room itself can no longer absorb heat.
flashover
a ______ is an explosive event that occurs when air is suddenly reintroduced into an area.
backdraft
acronym to remember how to read smoke?
VVDC
______ volume by itself tells very little about a fire.
smoke
smoke velocity is an indicator of ______ that has built up in the building.
pressure
when smoke is leaving the building, its ____ is caused by heat.
velocity
the faster smoke moves, the more _____ it has.
heat
turbulent smoke that has filled a compartment is an indicator of ______.
flashover
______ smoke is closer to the seat of the fire.
faster
the ______ of smoke refers to the thickness.
density
black smoke that is high velocity and very thin is ______ pushed.
flame
unfinished wood gives off a very distinct ______ smoke.
brown
black fire can reach temps over _____F
1000
_____ ______ is physical property whose loss will cause harm to the community.
valued property
what is defined as the degree of accuracy to which one’s perception oh his/her current environment mirrors reality.
situational awareness
______ learning can be defined as the process of observing others to develop knowledge, skill, or experience.
vicarious
what is a mental model that suggests that many quick decisions are made using mental templates from previous experiences that fit the images that you are currently witnessing?
RPD
what is the process of observing others to develop knowledge, skill, or experience base.
vicarious learning
_____ ______ is defined as the unintended, and often sudden, release of stored, residual or potential energy that will cause harm if contacted.
hazardous energy
what type of energy is not likely to change?
stable
electricity is always trying to find the path of ______ resistance.
least
a tingling sensation when approaching electrical equipment is known as what?
ground gradient.
_____ _____ is electrical energy that has established a path to ground through the earth and is energizing it.
ground gradient
a downed power line may be energizing the earth up to how far away?
30 feet
a difference in the potential voltages at any two points is knows as ____ ___.
step potential
step potential can be eliminated by wearing the appropriate ______ footwear.
nonconductive
a firefighter who feels tingling in his feet should get away from the source how?
shuffling feet
can smoke become electrically charged?
yes
keep a distance of at least _____ feet from downed power lines.
10
efforts to improve an individuals strength, flexibility and aerobics to help prevent overexertion at incidents can be defined as _____ ______.
work hardening
_______ is the science of adapting work or working conditions to a worker.
ergonomics
the ______ strategy acknowledges that the workers are less apt to suffer an injury if they are aware of the problem.
awareness
a _____ _____ can be defined as the option or approach that an ISO uses to help remind firefighters to be situationally aware and to perform in a safe and predictable manner.
safety trigger
a ____ _____ can be defined as awareness or suggestive communications made to crews or command staff that cause them to modify their observations and activities to prevent an injury.
soft intervention
a ____ ______ can be defined as a direct order to immediately stop, alter, suspend, or withdraw personnel, activities, and operations due to an imminent threat.
firm intervention
the firm intervention by an ISO is an ______ order.
official
bunker cop, CYA and worker are three traps of what position?
safety officer
the ISO has the authority of an IC only when an ____ ______ is present.
imminent threat
the ISO should have face to face communications with the IC every ______ minutes at routine incidents.
15
M in MEDIC:
monitor
E in MEDIC:
evaluate
D in MEDIC:
developed
I in MEDIC:
interventions
C in MEDIC:
communications
Which NIMS type is a local event that can be handled with the original jurisdiction?
Type 5
Which NIMS type is a local even that can be handled with the original jurisdiction and mutual aid from neighboring departments?
Type 4
Which NIMS type is a regional event?
type 3
Which NIMS type is a multi region, state, or initial federal event?
type 2w
which NIMS type is a federal event?
type 1
An ____ _____ is a template that outlines a mental or physical process that considers inputs that lead to an output or outcomes.
action model
_______ is an exploratory examination of the incident scene conditions and activities.
recon
______ becomes a crucial part in identifying conditions and activities that need to be evaluated.
recon
the ______ method of MEDIC is the most important, and difficult to execute.
evaluate
the IC must be notified of any ______ intervention from the ISO.
firm
what is defined as key phrases that signal the completion of significant tactical objectives?
incident benchmark
what is a wild land fire term used to describe the sudden advancement and increase-in fire intensity?
blowup
what is a violent convection column caused by a large continuous area of intense fire?
fire storm
what is a sudden, short lived rise in the rate of fire spread?
flare-up
what is the burning of the foliage of a single tree, or small bunch of trees?
torching
the assignment of an ISO at technician level hazmat incidents is ______.
mandatory
complex incidents requiring specialty trained personnel and equipment to complete the mission describe what?
technical rescue
post incident thought ________ are the reflective or introspective mental pre-occupations that firefighters experience just after incident control.
patterns
the _____ is a formal and/or informal reflective discussion that the fire department uses to summarize the successes and failures of an operation.
PIA
what is the legal phrase for the effort to act in a reasonable or prudent way, given the circumstances?
due diligence
there is an average of _______ LODD due to training each year.
10
______ is a training approach in which a trainee closely observes experienced mentors as they perform their assigned duties.
shadowing
standards are used using which kind of language?
mandatory language
where are the JPR’s for fire officer 1 found?
NFPA 1601
what type of material is masonry?
brittle
when drywall is exposed to heat, water is sacrificed in a process known as what?
calcination
parapet walls are generally made from what?
masonry
is smoked hotter when the color is primarily black?
yes
what structural identifier is assigned to unreinforced masonry?
URM
which governing body oversees the US fire administration?
DHS
what task can a projection light be used for when carried by an ISO?
reading smoke
wooden I-beams are a combination of laminated veneer lumber and ___.
OSB
what fire-resistive device is generally used to protect the roof structure of a type II building?
drop ceiling
what term refers to temporary bracing used to support incomplete structural elements?
false work
a precautionary withdrawal order is issued by who?
IC
where does a flame over generally originate?
at the seat of the fire
an area with what minimum temp at floor level would indicate a zero rescue profile?
300F
where does most of the useful recon information come from at a hazmat site?
TECHREF
how many components are necessary for a safe operational environment?
3
how many items should be considered when writing equipment guidelines?
7
what kind of thinking should the ISO employ?
cyclic
