Identification of Infectious Disease Flashcards
What are indicators that a sputum sample has been collected properly?
Few epithelial cells (normal cells in mouth) and numerous neutrophils
Selective growth media
Are used to grow only select microorganisms- sometime by using antibiotics that is resistant or other methods
Csf results that indicate bacterial meningitis include
High white blood cells
Increase protein
Normal to marked decrease in glucose
Scabies is spread via
Direct prolonged skin to skin contact. Humans are source- animals do not spread.
Patients with low absolute neutrophil counts
Are especially vulnerable to infection
Calculated by multiplying the wbc count times the percent of neutrophils in the differential wbc count
Normal range is 1.5-8
What gram-positive Cocci in pairs and chains is often associated with urinary tract infections
Enterococcus faecium
Bacterium that is decolorized with alcohol during a Gram stain and retains the counterstain is
Gram negative
According to the CDC which drug resistance threats belong to the urgent threat category?
Clostridium Difícil, drug resistant gonorrhea, carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria CRE
What organism is most likely involved in a skin or soft tissue injury from a cat bite
Pasteurella
A patient with severe community acquired pneumonia with symptoms of hemoptysis and multilobal Infiltrate on chest x-ray. The patient is recovering from a recent influenza Infection. What organism should be suspected
MRSA
A microbe that can grow in the absence of oxygen but is also able to utilize oxygen for growth is an
Facultative anaerobe
Microbs that must have oxygen to grow are called
aerobes
 Microbes that only grow in the absence of oxygen are called
Obligate anaerobes
A patient with Csf that is cloudy with elevated protein, decreased glucose, and elevated white blood cell count, and increased neutrophils may have what type of meningitis
Bacterial meningitis
What organisms can penetrate the intact epithelial of the conjunctiva or cornea?
Neisseria gonorrhea, neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumonia, listeria monocytogenes
A patient admitted with Pruritic lesions on the hands webs of fingers exterior surfaces of the elbow and knees outer surfaces of feet armpits buttocks and waist. What is the most likely diagnosis
Scabies or Norwegian scabies
What organisms can proliferate in TPN total parenteral nutrition
Candida albicans-one of most frequent
Gram-positive bacteria like staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus saprophyticus
Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli or pseudomonas aeruginosa
Patients were cell mediated immunity dysfunction or susceptible to infections to tributed to pathogenic intercellular bacteria. Examples of these organisms include
Salmonella species Listeria monocytogenes Mycobacterium species Legionella species Pseudomonas Psuedomallei
Examples of obligate intracellular parasitic bacterium include
Chlamydia rickettsia Coxiella in certain mycobacterium species
Depletion of what cell type provides the best indication of susceptibility to most bacterial infections
Neutrophils
They are the most abundant type of white blood cell service a primary defense against infections.
An ED department reports three cases of cramping abdominal pain and diarrhea within a 24 hour period. All persons attended a picnic and had symptoms within 12 to 36 hours following. What foodborne illness would you suspect
Salmonella
When reviewing the Gram stain of a person with a wound infection the IPC is gram-positive organisms in clusters. Which organism with this most likely represent.
Staphylococcus
Specimens that are not suitable for anaerobic cultures include
Sputum, rectal swab, nasal or throat swab, urethral swab, voided urine
What bacteria is most likely to be transmitted from mother to infant during labor and cause neonatal sepsis?
Group B streptococcus GBS
