Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CIC Flashcards > Identification of Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Identification of Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are indicators that a sputum sample has been collected properly?

A

Few epithelial cells (normal cells in mouth) and numerous neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Selective growth media

A

Are used to grow only select microorganisms- sometime by using antibiotics that is resistant or other methods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Csf results that indicate bacterial meningitis include

A

High white blood cells
Increase protein
Normal to marked decrease in glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Scabies is spread via

A

Direct prolonged skin to skin contact. Humans are source- animals do not spread.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Patients with low absolute neutrophil counts

A

Are especially vulnerable to infection
Calculated by multiplying the wbc count times the percent of neutrophils in the differential wbc count
Normal range is 1.5-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What gram-positive Cocci in pairs and chains is often associated with urinary tract infections

A

Enterococcus faecium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bacterium that is decolorized with alcohol during a Gram stain and retains the counterstain is

A

Gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

According to the CDC which drug resistance threats belong to the urgent threat category?

A

Clostridium Difícil, drug resistant gonorrhea, carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria CRE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What organism is most likely involved in a skin or soft tissue injury from a cat bite

A

Pasteurella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A patient with severe community acquired pneumonia with symptoms of hemoptysis and multilobal Infiltrate on chest x-ray. The patient is recovering from a recent influenza Infection. What organism should be suspected

A

MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A microbe that can grow in the absence of oxygen but is also able to utilize oxygen for growth is an

A

Facultative anaerobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Microbs that must have oxygen to grow are called

A

aerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

 Microbes that only grow in the absence of oxygen are called

A

Obligate anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A patient with Csf that is cloudy with elevated protein, decreased glucose, and elevated white blood cell count, and increased neutrophils may have what type of meningitis

A

Bacterial meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What organisms can penetrate the intact epithelial of the conjunctiva or cornea?

A

Neisseria gonorrhea, neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumonia, listeria monocytogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A patient admitted with Pruritic lesions on the hands webs of fingers exterior surfaces of the elbow and knees outer surfaces of feet armpits buttocks and waist. What is the most likely diagnosis

A

Scabies or Norwegian scabies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What organisms can proliferate in TPN total parenteral nutrition

A

Candida albicans-one of most frequent
Gram-positive bacteria like staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus saprophyticus
Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli or pseudomonas aeruginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Patients were cell mediated immunity dysfunction or susceptible to infections to tributed to pathogenic intercellular bacteria. Examples of these organisms include

A 
Salmonella species
Listeria monocytogenes
Mycobacterium species
Legionella species
Pseudomonas Psuedomallei
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Examples of obligate intracellular parasitic bacterium include

A

Chlamydia rickettsia Coxiella in certain mycobacterium species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Depletion of what cell type provides the best indication of susceptibility to most bacterial infections

A

Neutrophils

They are the most abundant type of white blood cell service a primary defense against infections.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

An ED department reports three cases of cramping abdominal pain and diarrhea within a 24 hour period. All persons attended a picnic and had symptoms within 12 to 36 hours following. What foodborne illness would you suspect

A

Salmonella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When reviewing the Gram stain of a person with a wound infection the IPC is gram-positive organisms in clusters. Which organism with this most likely represent.

A

Staphylococcus

23
Q

Specimens that are not suitable for anaerobic cultures include

A

Sputum, rectal swab, nasal or throat swab, urethral swab, voided urine

24
Q

What bacteria is most likely to be transmitted from mother to infant during labor and cause neonatal sepsis?

A

Group B streptococcus GBS

25
Q 
Which of the following is a common commensal for clabsi?
Coagulate negative staphylococcus 
Staphylococcus aureus 
E. Coli
Candida albicans
A

Coagulase negative staphylococcus

26
Q

What factors are possible causes of non infectious endopthalmitis after intraocular surgery?

A

Improper handling, cleaning, and rinsing of instruments

Gloves and powder

27
Q

Most common organism associated with pneumonia in school aged children and young adults

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

28
Q 
Prelim micro report states blood culture grew aerobic gram negative bacilli. Which is most likely genus and species of the following:
Enterococcus faecalis
Bactericides fragilis
Acinetobactor baumanii
Neisseria meningitides
A

Acinetobacter baumanii

29
Q

Is it always necessary to keep antimicrobial concentrations above the level of minimum inhibitory concentrations of the pathogen targeted?

A

No- concentration defendant drugs can go below for a time. Time dependent cannot however

30
Q

Blood culture specimens should:

A

Be collected prior to antibiotics or as soon as possible
Site should be cleaned with antiseptic
Volume is important and must be adequate to detect bacteria
Recommended to not be from CIC
Peripheral puncture from 2 sites

31
Q

What is the incubation period for meningococcal meningitis is:

A

2 to 10 days. Usually 3-4

32
Q

Blank Of a disease is the ability to grow and multiply

A

The virulence

33
Q

A microorganisms blank is its ability to enter tissue

A

Infectivity

34
Q

A microorganisms blank Is its ability to cause disease

A

Pathogenicity

35
Q

What is the measure of a Microorganism to invade And create disease in a host.?

A

Virulence. The initial element is the micro organisms ability to survive in the environment. Second element Is a mechanism for transmission to new host

36
Q

Staph means

A

Grape- so clusters

37
Q

Strepto means

A

Chain

38
Q

Typical Csf results for VIRAL meningitis

A

Normal opening pressure, normal glucose, normal protein, low wbc < 100, lymphocytes predominant.

39
Q

Fungal meningitis

A

Positive India ink!
Low glucose, elevated protein
Variable wbc

40
Q

Group B Streptococcus is also known as

A

Streptococcus agalactiea

FYI that is a gram positive (purple) cocci in chains

41
Q

Scarlet fever is also known as

A

Group A streptococcus.

Gram positive cocci in chains

42
Q

What organism is most often associated with urinary tract infections

A

Eschericha coli

43
Q

Diarrheal agents with very short (minutes to hours) incubation period

A

Bacterial intoxication
S. Aureus 30 min to 8 hrs (2-4 hrs)
B cereus (1 to 6 hrs vomit, 6-24 ls)
Clostridium perfeingens 6-24 hrs

44
Q

Shigella incubation

A

12-96 hours (Ave 1-3 days)
Only humans
Gram negative rod
Do not ferment lactose- macconkey agar

45
Q

Salmonella incubation

A

6 to 72 hours- (Ave 12-36)

Associated with everything

46
Q

Vibrio incubation

A

12-24 hours

Raw oysters

47
Q

Norovirus and rotovirus incubation

A

24-48 hours (72 for roto )

48
Q

Campylobacter incubation

A

1-10 days (Ave 2-5 days)

Chicken and poultry

49
Q

Giardia incubation

A

3-25 days- (7-10 days Ave)

50
Q

Macrolides antibiotic examples

A

Azithromycin.

Used on less serious infections

Bacteriostatic: inhibit growth and let immune system do it’s thing

51
Q

Beta lactase drugs

A

Penicillin, carbapenums, cephalosporin

52
Q

Floroquinalone example

A

Ciprofloxin.

53
Q

Aminoglycoside abx example

A

Gentamicin. Amicasun

Used for serious or multi drug resistant bacteria

CIC Flashcards (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions