ICMESA CHEMICAL CO. DISASTER

Question 1

Take note

What chemical that the plant of Icmesa produced?

Answer 1

2,4,5-trichlorophenol

Question 2

TCP is the processes for producing products such as:

Answer 2

Mediated soap, cosmetics and shampoos

Question 3

take note

When does the ICMESA Chemical Co. disaster happened?

Answer 3

July 10, 1976 (saturday)
12:37 pm

Question 4

What are the cause of the disaster?

*Violation of instruction
*Process design errors
* No ______ for preventing an abnormal temp.
* Insufficient _____ of the Operator
*Poor Management
*Safety Device is inadequate
*Plant managers is not aware of the existence of ____ in the material

Answer 4

countermeasures
training
TCDD

Question 5

take note

In ICMESA Chemical Co.
____ person were injured, suffering from serious (health effects)

Answer 5

220,000

Question 6

• Contamination of 1800 hectare of land
  *Zone A- TCDD soil conc. of ________ ug/m²
  *Zone B- TCDD soil conc of. ________ug/m²
  *Zone R- TCDD soil conc. of ________ug/m²
• ____ dead animals

Answer 6

Zone A- >50 ug/m²
Zone B- between 5 and 50 ug/m²
Zone R- <5 ug/m²
- 3,300

Question 7

• is a polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin. Known to be a human carcinogen. First list in the second annual report on carcinogens(1981)
• a flame proofing agent and as a pesticide against insects and wood destroying fungi
• Toxicity is 100,000 times that of sodium cyanide

Answer 7

2,3,7,8- TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN

Question 8

2,3,7,8-TCDD may be formed during the _____ process used by pulp and paper mills, and as a by-product from the manufacture of certain chlorinated organic chemicals, such as chlorinated phenols.

Answer 8

Chlorine bleaching process,

Question 9

• Is primarily release to the environment during the combustion of fossil fuels and wood, and during incineration processes. Very low levels of this is found throughout the environment, including air, food, and soil.

Answer 9

2,3,7,8-TCDD

Question 10

Take note

Health Hazard info of 2,3,7,8-TCDD

Answer 10

• Chronic effect: chloracne
• Reproductive/developmental effects
• Cancer effect: lung cancer, soft tissue sarcomas, lymphomas and stomach carcinomas
• Developmental toxicant in animals
• Kidney defects
• Weakened immune system

Question 11

_________ is used as fungicide in paper and pulp mills, as an herbicide, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of other pesticides.

Produced there from 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene by nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction with _________. And has a strong unpleasant _______.

Answer 11

2,4,5 trichlorophenol
sodium hydroxide
phenolic odor

Question 12

Sources and Potential exposure

The most probable routes of human exposure to 2,4, 5-trichlorophenol are _______ and ______ of workers involved in the manufacture, formulation, or application of pesticides containing this compound. May be released through its production and use as a ______ and ________. May also be released in emissions from _____ to ambient air. It has also been detected in drinking water.

Answer 12

Inhalation, dermal contact,
pesticide, pesticide intermediate
incinerators,

Question 13

Health Hazard Information of 2, 4, 5 Trichlorophenol

Answer 13

• burn the skin and produce redness and edema in humans
• Irritates the eyes
• Irritates nose
• Irritates pharynx
• Damage lungs of humans