IBD - Crohns Disease Flashcards
Crohns disease is one of the 2 types of inflammatory bowel disease. Where can this affect in the bowel?
1 - rectum only
2 - mouth to anus
3 - large bowel only
4 - small bowel only
2 - mouth to anus
- essentially anywhere
What is the prevalence (number of people with disease at a specific time) of crohns disease in the western world?
1 - 0.1 / 100,000
2 - 1 / 100,000
3 - 10 / 100,000
4 - 100 / 100,000
4 - 100 / 100,000
What is the incidence (number of new cases of a disease at a specific time) of crohns disease in the western world?
1 - 0.1 / 100,000
2 - 1 / 100,000
3 - 10-20 / 100,000
4 - 100 / 100,000
3 - 10-20 / 100,000
What age group does crohns typically affect?
1 - 10-20 y/o
2 - 20-40 y/o
3 - 40-60 y/o
4 - >65 y/o
3 - 10-20 / 100,000
- can affect younger adults and children
What is a lifestyle factor that has been shown to significantly increases the risk of crohns disease?
1 - weight gain
2 - smoking
3 - alcohol
4 - chronic steroid use
2 - smoking
Although the exact cause of crohns is unknown, which of the following is NOT a common risk factor?
1 - genetics / immunity family history
2 - smoking
3 - constipation
4 - NSAIDs
5 - mucosal barriers deficiencies
3 - constipation
What is a first degree relative?
1 - share 100% genetics
2 - share at >50% genetics
3 - share no genetics
4 - share >25% genetics
2 - share at >50% genetics
There is a genetic risk of developing crohns disease. What is the risk of developing crohns if you have a first degree relative with it?
1 - 0.13-0.18%
2 - 1.3-1.8%
3 - 13-18%
4 - 26 - 36%
3 - 13-18%
There is a genetic risk of developing crohns disease. What is the risk of developing crohns if you are a monozygotic (one egg is released and fertilised) twin?
1 - 0.5%
2 - 5%
3 - 50%
4 - 100%
3 - 50%
There are multiple genes that have been associated with Crohns disease. Of the following which one has received the most interest?
1 - NOD2 (nucleotide binding domain) gene
2 - BRCA gene
3 - APC gene
4 - MLH1 gene
1 - NOD2 (nucleotide binding domain) gene
- BUT over 200 other variants have been identified
What religious group are at a higher risk of developing Crohns disease?
1 - Catholics
2 - Ashkenazi jews
3 - Christians
4 - Muslims
2 - Ashkenazi Jewish
- insular group, meaning they mate within the group so the genetic aspect of crohns is enhanced
To remember important points for Crohn’s disease we can use the mnemonic crows NESTS. What does the N stand for?
1 - no lymphocyte involvement
2 - needle fine aspirations of GIT
3 - no blood or mucus
4 - new onset of blood in stool
3 - no blood or mucus
- can occur, but much more common in UC
To remember important points for Crohn’s disease we can use the mnemonic crows NESTS. What does the E stand for?
1 - entire GIT
2 - ends at ileum
3 - enormous blood loss
4 - endocytosis
1 - entire GIT
To remember important points for Crohn’s disease we can use the mnemonic crows NESTS. What does the S stand for?
1 - sore anus
2 - sacral nerve affected
3 - skip lesions
4 - spondylosis
3 - skip lesions
To remember important points for Crohn’s disease we can use the mnemonic crows NESTS. What does the T stand for?
1 - transmural effects and terminal ileum most affected
2 - time dependent
3 - tumour forming
4 - trichomonas
1 - transmural effects and terminal ileum most affected
To remember important points for Crohn’s disease we can use the mnemonic crows NESTS. What does the 2nd S stand for?
1 - sacral oedema
2 - smoking increases risk of crohns
3 - sickle cell risk
4 - symbiotic increases risk
2 - smoking increases risk of crohns
- think don’t set fire to crows nest
Organise the suspected pathophysiology of crohns?
1 - deep fissured ulcers form
2 - dome shaped mucosa and submucosa forms creating cobblestone appearance
3 - immune response is triggered causing inflammation of the bowel wall
4 - epithelial cells remain largely intact
5 - bowel wall becomes thickened , especially in submucosa
3 - immune response is triggered causing inflammation of the bowel wall
5 - bowel wall becomes thickened , especially in submucosa
4 - epithelial cells remain largely intact
1 - deep fissured ulcers form
2 - dome shaped mucosa and submucosa forms creating cobblestone appearance
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of crohns disease (CD)?
1 - chronic/episodic diarrhoea
2 - abdominal pain
3 - weight loss
4 - fatigue/malaise
5 - fever
6 - anorexia
1 - chronic/episodic diarrhoea
- this is what happens in UC
- in CD diarrhoea may occur, BUT it is not chronic or episodic