Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GBE > IAI - acute/chronic inflammation > Flashcards

IAI - acute/chronic inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What type of immunity is acute inflammation associated with?

A

Innate immunity - acute inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of immunity is chronic inflammation associated with?

A

Adaptive immunity - chronic inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the duration of acute inflammation?

A

Acute inflammation starts in a few minutes, becomes maximal after several hours and then lasts for a day or two.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the duration of chronic inflammation?

A

Chronic inflammation is something that can last for weeks or months, sometimes even years or decades.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the inflammatory cells associated with acute inflammation?

A

neutrophil polymorphs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the inflammatory cells associated with chronic inflammation?

A

mononuclear cells, lymphocytes and macrophages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the definition of inflammation?

A

The reaction of vascularised living tissue to local injury.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the four cardinal signs of inflammation:

A

RUBOR - redness
TUMOUR - swelling
CALOR - heat
DOLOR - pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do fibroblasts outside of the CNS produce?

A

collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are vascular changes involved in an acute inflammatory response?

A

Transient vasoconstriction of arterioles

Vasodilatation and increased blood flow

Slowing of the circulation because of increased
permeability of the microvasculature.’ Stasis’

Exudation of fluid and plasma proteins (oedema)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What may acute inflammation be accompanied by?

A

Exudate:
- An inflammatory extravascular fluid that has a high protein
concentration, much cellular debris

Pus
- A purulent exudate rich in leucocytes (mostly neutrophils) and parenchymal cell debris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the movement of cells into an acute inflammatory lesion.

A
  1. Histamine and Thrombonin factors are released
  2. WP (weibel-palade) bodies activated
  3. WP bodies release P and E selectin which are adhesion molecules expressed on the cell surface which causes neutrophils to slow down by interacting with carbohydrate receptors, this is called MARGINATION
  4. chemokine IL8 is released in response to stimuli such as LPS.
  5. chemotaxis happens, which is the unidirectional migration of cells towards chemokine
  6. interaction between integrin on neutrophils and endothelial adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 makes a firm connection to permit diapedesis (movement across endothelium) and extravasation (movement of cells into tissues following the chemokine gradient)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

whats the 3 main inducers of chemotactic agents for neutrophils

A
  • Bacterial products
  • Components of the complement system, particularly c5a
  • Products of the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, particularly leukotriene B4.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

do keats quiz on acute/chronic inflammation

A

https://keats.kcl.ac.uk/mod/lesson/view.php?id=7651861

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is acute serous inflammation?

A

Sometimes accumulation of fluid is the dominant feature of inflammation, as observed in a friction blister or a burn.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the expression of P-selectin and E-selectin cause?

A

Expression of P-selectin and also E-selectin on the endothelium causes neutrophils to slow down by interacting with carbohydrate receptors and roll along the endothelium = MARGINATION

17
Q

Define margination.

A

Increased adhesion of inflammatory cells to endothelium and rolling along endothelium, SLOWING DOWN NEUTROPHILES

18
Q

What is chemotaxis?

A

unidirectional migration of cells towards a chemokine

19
Q

What is extravasation?

A

Movement of cells into tissues following the chemokine gradient.

20
Q

What is acute suppurative inflammation?

A

accumulation of neutrophil

so much pus accumulates within the tissues that the pus can be seen with the naked eye.

21
Q

What is acute fibrinous inflammation?

A

fibrin present as well as neutrophils.

22
Q

What is acute membranous inflammation?

A

This is when an inflammatory membrane forms over the inflamed tissue.

23
Q

What is chronic granulomatous inflammation?

A

presence of granulomas within this type of chronic inflammation.

Granulomas are formed from macrophages, coming together to form a spherical mass.

24
Q

what kind of tissue can be inflamed

A

Only vascularised tissues become inflamed.

25
Q

what part of the body cant be replaced once damaged

A

hair follicles and sweat glands cannot be replaced once damaged.

26
Q

what does odema result from and what does it exudate

A

results from vascular changes

refers to the exudate of fluid and plasma proteins.

27
Q

The suffix “…itis” describes what

A

inflammation

GBE (58 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions