I2 + J + L + M Flashcards
1
Q
incriminate
A
accuse, blame
2
Q
incumbent
A
current, present, in power
duty
3
Q
incur
A
become subject to (something unwelcome or unpleasant) as a result of one’s own behavior or actions: I will pay any expenses incurred.
4
Q
indemnify
A
compensate (someone) for harm or loss: the amount of insurance that may be carried to indemnify the owner in the event of a loss.
• secure (someone) against legal responsibility for their actions: the newspaper could not be forced to indemnify the city for personal-injury liability.
5
Q
indigent
A
poor; needy
6
Q
indignant
A
feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment: he was indignant at being the object of suspicion
7
Q
indiscreet
A
having, showing, or proceeding from too great a readiness to reveal things that should remain secret or private: they have been embarrassed by indiscreet friends
8
Q
indissoluble
A
unable to be destroyed; lasting: an indissoluble friendship.
9
Q
indurate
A
harden: a bed of indurated clay.
10
Q
ineffable
A
too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words: the ineffable natural beauty of the Everglades.
11
Q
inexpedient
A
not practical, suitable, or advisable
12
Q
infamy
A
the state of being well known for some bad quality or deed: a day that will live in infamy.
• an evil or wicked act: one of history’s greatest infamies.
13
Q
influx
A
1 an arrival or entry of large numbers of people or things: a massive influx of refugees from front-line areas.
2 an inflow of water into a river, lake, or the sea.
14
Q
infomercial
A
a television program that promotes a product in an informative and supposedly objective way.
15
Q
infrastructure
A
the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
16
Q
infusion
A
1 a drink, remedy, or extract prepared by soaking the leaves of a plant or herb in liquid.
• the process of preparing such a drink, remedy, or extract.
2 the introduction of a new element or quality into something: the infusion of $6.3 million for improvements | an infusion of youthful talent.
• Medicine the slow injection of a substance into a vein or tissue.
17
Q
ingrate
A
an ungrateful person.
18
Q
inherent
A
existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute: any form of mountaineering has its inherent dangers
19
Q
inhibiting
A
1 hinder, restrain, or prevent (an action or process): cold inhibits plant growth.
20
Q
inimitable
A
so good or unusual as to be impossible to copy; unique: the inimitable ambience of Hawaii.
21
Q
iniquity
A
immoral or grossly unfair behavior
22
Q
injunction
A
order, ruling, directive, command,
23
Q
innate
A
inborn; natural:
24
Q
innocuous
A
not harmful or offensive:
25
inopportune
inappropriate, unsuitable
26
insipid
lacking flavor:
27
insular
narrow-minded, small-minded, inward-looking,
| cutoff, segregated, detached,
28
insuperable
impossible to overcome:
29
intangible
vague, obscure, abstract, unclear, indefinite, undefined, subtle, elusive.
30
intern
a student or trainee who works,
31
interregnum
a period when normal government is suspended, esp. between successive reigns or regimes.
32
intersperse
scatter, disperse, spread, strew, dot, sprinkle, pepper.
33
intone
say or recite with little rise and fall of the pitch of the voice:
34
intractable
hard to control or deal with:
35
intransigent
unwilling or refusing to change one's views or to agree about something.
36
intravenous
existing or taking place within, or administered into, a vein or veins:
37
intuit
understand or work out by instinct:
38
invalidate
```
1 make (an argument, statement, or theory) unsound or erroneous.
2 deprive (an official document or procedure) of legal efficacy because of contravention of a regulation or law: a technical flaw in her papers invalidated her nomination.
```
39
irate
feeling or characterized by great anger: a barrage of irate letters.
40
iridescent
showing luminous colors that seem to change when seen from different angles.
41
irrefutable
impossible to deny or disprove: irrefutable evidence.
42
irrelevance
the quality or state of being irrelevant: the document was withheld on grounds of irrelevance.
• a person or thing that is irrelevant: he regarded religion as an irrelevance.
43
irremediable
impossible to cure or put right.
44
isometrics
a system of physical exercises in which muscles are caused to act against each other or against a fixed object. Also called isometric exercise.
45
itinerant
traveling from place to place: itinerant traders.
46
jack-rabbit
a hare found in open country in western North America.
47
jejune
1 naive, simplistic, and superficial: their entirely predictable and usually jejune opinions.
2 (of ideas or writings) dry and uninteresting: the poem seems to me rather jejune.
48
jeopardy
danger of loss, harm, or failure: Michael's job was not in jeopardy .
49
jitney
a bus or other vehicle carrying passengers for a low fare.
50
jocular
fond of or characterized by joking; humorous or playful: she sounded in a jocular mood | his voice was jocular.
51
jodhpurs
full-length trousers, worn for horseback riding, that are close-fitting below the knee and have reinforced patches on the inside of the leg.
ORIGIN late 19th cent.: named after Jodhpur, where similar garments are worn by Indian men as part of everyday dress.
52
joist
a length of timber or steel supporting part of the structure of a building, typically arranged in parallel series to support a floor or ceiling.
53
josh
tease (someone) in a playful way: he loved to josh people.
54
juggernaut
a huge, powerful, and overwhelming force or institution: a juggernaut of secular and commercial culture.
55
labyrinth
1 a complicated irregular network of passages or paths in which it is difficult to find one's way; a maze: a labyrinth of passages and secret chambers.
• an intricate and confusing arrangement: a labyrinth of conflicting laws and regulations.
56
laconic
(of a person, speech, or style of writing) using very few words: his laconic reply suggested a lack of interest in the topic.
57
languorous
1 the state or feeling, often pleasant, of tiredness or inertia: he remembered the languor and warm happiness of those golden afternoons.
2 an oppressive stillness of the air: the afternoon was hot, quiet, and heavy with languor.
58
lanyard
a rope threaded through a pair of deadeyes, used to adjust the tension in the rigging of a sailing vessel.
• a cord passed around the neck, shoulder, or wrist for holding a knife, whistle, or similar object.
59
lassitude
a state of physical or mental weariness; lack of energy: she was overcome by lassitude and retired to bed | a patient complaining of lassitude and inability to concentrate.
60
latent
(of a quality or state) existing but not yet developed or manifest; hidden; concealed: discovering her latent talent for diplomacy.
Biology (of a bud, resting stage, etc.) lying dormant or hidden until circumstances are suitable for development or manifestation.
61
lattice
a structure consisting of strips of wood or metal crossed and fastened together with square or diamond-shaped spaces left between, used typically as a screen or fence or as a support for climbing plants.
62
laudatory
(of speech or writing) expressing praise and commendation.
63
lee
shelter from wind or weather given by a neighboring object, esp. nearby land: we pitch our tents in the lee of a rock.
64
leeway
the amount of freedom to move or act that is available: the government had several months' leeway to introduce reforms.
• margin of safety: there is little leeway if anything goes wrong.
65
legalese
the formal and technical language of legal documents that is often hard to understand.
66
leggy
(of a plant) having an excessively long and straggly stem: tulips may grow tall and leggy.
67
legion
a unit of 3,000–6,000 men in the ancient Roman army.
• (the Legion) the Foreign Legion.
• (the Legion) any of the national associations of former servicemen and servicewomen instituted after World War I, such as the American Legion.
68
lenient
(of punishment or a person in authority) permissive, merciful, or tolerant: judges were far too lenient with petty criminals.
69
leverage
the exertion of force by means of a lever or an object used in the manner of a lever: my spade hit something solid that wouldn't respond to leverage.
• mechanical advantage gained in this way: use a metal bar to increase the leverage.
70
ligature
a thing used for tying or binding something tightly.
| • a cord or thread used in surgery, esp. to tie up a bleeding artery.
71
limerick
a humorous, frequently bawdy, verse of three long and two short lines rhyming aabba, popularized by Edward Lear.
72
linchpin
1 a pin passed through the end of an axle to keep a wheel in position.
2 a person or thing vital to an enterprise or organization: regular brushing is the linchpin of all good dental hygiene.
73
longo
either of a pair of small, long-bodied drums typically held between the knees and played with the fingers.
74
lion's share
the biggest or greatest part: William was appointed editor, which meant that he did the lion's share of the work.
75
liquid assets
```
cash
convert (assets) into cash: a plan to liquidate $10,000,000 worth of property over seven years.
```
76
liquidity
the availability of liquid assets to a market or company.
• liquid assets; cash.
• a high volume of activity in a market.
77
litigious
concerned with lawsuits or litigation.
• unreasonably prone to go to law to settle disputes.
• suitable to become the subject of a lawsuit.
78
lobbyist
noun for
| a group of people seeking to influence politicians or public officials on a particular issue: lobby groups
79
logistics
the detailed coordination of a complex operation involving many people, facilities, or supplies: the logistics and costs of a vaccination campaign
80
lucent
glowing with or giving off light: the moon was lucent in the background.
81
ludicrous
so foolish, unreasonable, or out of place as to be amusing; ridiculous: it's ludicrous that I have been fined
82
macabre
disturbing and horrifying because of involvement with or depiction of death and injury: a macabre series of murders.
83
maestro
a distinguished musician, esp. a conductor of classical music.
• a great or distinguished figure in any sphere: a movie maestro.
84
magnanimity
the fact or condition of being magnanimous; generosity: both sides will have to show magnanimity.
85
maim
wound or injure (someone) so that part of the body is permanently damaged: 100,000 soldiers were killed or maimed.
86
malleable
(of a metal or other material) able to be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking.
• easily influenced; pliable: Anna was shaken enough to be malleable.
87
malnourished
suffering from malnutrition.
88
mansard
a roof that has four sloping sides, each of which becomes steeper halfway down.
• a story or apartment under a mansard roof.
89
marauding
roam in search of things to steal or people to attack: war parties crossed the river to maraud.
90
marten
a chiefly arboreal weasellike mammal found in Eurasia and North America, hunted for its fur in many northern countries.
91
maul
(of an animal) wound (a person or animal) by scratching and tearing: the herdsmen were mauled by lions.
• treat (someone or something) roughly.
92
mecca
a city in western Saudi Arabia, an oasis town in the Red Sea region of Hejaz, east of Jiddah, considered by Muslims to be the holiest city of Islam
• (as noun a Mecca) a place that attracts people of a particular group or with a particular interest: Holland is a Mecca for jazz enthusiasts.
93
megalopolis
a very large, heavily populated city or urban complex.
94
melancholy
a feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause: an air of melancholy surrounded him
95
meld
blend; combine: [ with obj. ] : Australia's winemakers have melded modern science with traditional art
96
melee
a confused fight, skirmish, or scuffle: several people were hurt in the melee.
97
mellifluous
(of a voice or words) sweet or musical; pleasant to hear: the voice was mellifluous and smooth.
98
melodrama
a sensational dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting events intended to appeal to the emotions.
• the genre of drama of this type.
99
mentor
an experienced and trusted adviser: he was her friend and mentor until his death in 1915.
• an experienced person in a company, college, or school who trains and counsels new employees or students.
100
mercenary
(of a person or their behavior) primarily concerned with making money at the expense of ethics: she's nothing but a mercenary little gold digger.
101
mesh
material made of a network of wire or thread: mesh for fishing nets | finer wire meshes are used for smaller particles.
• the spacing of the strands of such material: if the mesh is too big, small rabbits can squeeze through.
102
minaret
a tall slender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslims to prayer.
103
minify
process of minimization
104
minion
a follower or underling of a powerful person, esp. a servile or unimportant one.
105
misapprehension
a mistaken belief about or interpretation of something: she must have been laboring under the misapprehension that you are nice.
106
misconstrue
interpret (something, esp. a person's words or actions) wrongly: my advice was deliberately misconstrued.
107
mitigate
make less severe, serious, or painful: he wanted to mitigate misery in the world.
108
modish
conforming to or following what is currently popular and fashionable: it seems sad that such a scholar should feel compelled to use this modish jargon.
109
modus operandi
a particular way or method of doing something, esp. one that is characteristic or well-established: the volunteers were instructed to buy specific systems using our usual modus operandi—anonymously and with cash.
• the way something operates or works.
110
molten
(esp. of materials with a high melting point, such as metal and glass) liquefied by heat.
111
moot
subject to debate, dispute, or uncertainty, and typically not admitting of a final decision: whether the temperature rise was mainly due to the greenhouse effect was a moot point .
112
mordant
caustic, trenchant, biting, cutting, acerbic, sardonic,
113
muckrake
the action of searching out and publicizing scandalous information about famous people in an underhanded way:
114
muffle
wrap or cover for warmth:
• make (a sound) quieter or less distinct:
115
mufti
a Muslim legal expert who is empowered to give rulings on religious matters.
116
murky
dark and gloomy, esp. due to thick mist:
117
musty
having a stale, moldy, or damp smell:
118
mutate
change or cause to change in form or nature
119
myopic
nearsighted.
| • lacking imagination, foresight, or intellectual insight
