Hypothyroidism Flashcards
1
Q
Hypothyroidism Pathology
A
Hyposecretion of TH
2
Q
Primary Hypothyroidism Pathology
A
- Due to thyroid gland pathology
- Raised TSH
- Low TH
3
Q
Secondary Hypothyroidism Pathology
A
- Due to pituitary gland pathology
- Low TSH
- Low TSH
4
Q
Subclinical Hypothyroidism Pathology
A
- Raised TSH
- Normal TH
5
Q
Primary Hypothyroidism Aetiology
A
- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
- Congenital
- Iodine deficiency
- Idiopathic (female, increasing age)
- Iatrogenic
- De Quervain’s thyroiditis
- Autoimmune: sarcoidosis
6
Q
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis Pathology
A
- Autoimmune (cytotoxic T cells, cytokines, antibody) destruction of thyroid epithelial cells
- Diffuse enlargement
7
Q
Secondary Hypothyroidism Aetiology
A
Pituitary/hypothalamic damage
- Pituitary tumour
- Craniopharyngioma
- Iatrogenic
Isolated TSH deficiency
8
Q
Hypothyroidism Symptoms
A
- Weight gain
- Cold intolerance
- Fatigue
- Depression
- Brittle nails, thin skin, dry hair
- Constipation
- Bradycardia, weak pulse
- Slow speech, hoarse voice
- Hyporeflexia
- Muscle weakness
- Puffy face
- Dementia
- Menorrhagia, amenorrhoea
- Inferility
- Cretinism
9
Q
Hypothyroidism Complications
A
- Goitre
- Hyperprolactinaemia
- Cerebellar ataxia
- Oedema
- Myxoedema coma
10
Q
Hypothyroidism Investigations
A
- TFTs
- Blood tests: hormones
- Anti-TPO antibodies
- Cholesterol
- Imaging
11
Q
Hypothyroidism Screening
A
- Guthrie test
12
Q
Hypothyroidism Management
A
Levothyroxine
- 1.6mcg/kg
- Lifelong
- Increase - pregnant, febrile illness
- Decrease - elderly, IHD
