Cranial diabetes insipidus

Question 1

Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 1

Inability to concentrate urine

Question 2

Cranial diabetes insipidus

Answer 2

Hyposecretion of ADH (vasopressin) from the hypothalamus

Question 3

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Answer 3

Insensitivity of kidney to ADH

Question 4

Cranial diabetes insipidus Aetiology

Answer 4

• Iatrogenic: surgery
• Tumour: craniopharyngioma, stalk lesion
• Subarachnoid haemorrhage
• Trauma
• Autoimmune

Question 5

Cranial diabetes insipidus Symptoms

Answer 5

• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Nocturia
• Visual defects

Question 6

Cranial diabetes insipidus Investigations

Answer 6

• Blood tests
• 24-hour urine volume
• Water deprivation test
• Desmopressin stimulation test
• Imaging
• Hormone (pituitary) serum levels
• Antithyroid peroxidase antibody

Question 7

Cranial diabetes insipidus Management

Answer 7

• Oral/IV fluids

- Desmopressin (HRT)