Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Metabolism CC > Hypothalamus + Pituitary > Flashcards

Hypothalamus + Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

Hypothalamic nuclei

A 
Paraventricular
Anterior
Supraoptic
Dorsomedial
Ventromedial
Arcuate
Posterior
Mamillary body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hypothalamus regulates

A 
Pituitary function
Feeding (appetite + satiety)
Stress response
Water balance
Sleep-wake cycle
Thermoregulation
Emotion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anterior pituitary lobe releases

A 
GH
TSH
LH
FSH
PRL
ACTH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Posterior pituitary lobe releases

A

Oxytocin

AVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pituitary development

A

Oral ectoderm –> rudimentary pouch –> definitive pouch –> pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

PUOF1 (Pit1) mutation

A

Severe dwarfism
hypothyroid
Stops generation of TSH, GH and PRL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Growth hormone formation stimulated by

A

GHRH

Ghrelin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Growth hormone formation inhibited by

A

SS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Growth hormone produces

A

IGF 1- from liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TSH formation stimulated by

A

TRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TSH produces

A

T3 and T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PRL formation stimulated by

A

TRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

PRL formation inhibited by

A

Dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ACTH formation stimulated by

A

CRH

AvP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ACTH produces

A

Cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

FSH and LH production stimulated by

A

Kisspeptin

GnRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

FSH and LH produce

A

Sex steroids
inhibin
Ovulation
Spermatogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Thyroid axis

A

TRH –> TSH –> thyroxine –> liothyronine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Thyroid axis inhibition

A

Thyroxine inhibits TSH and TRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Primary underactivity

A

Target hormone decreased

–> raised levels of hypothalamus stimulatory hormone and pituitary hormone, as trying to produce target hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Secondary underactivity

A

Pituitary hormone decreased

  • -> raised hypothalamus stimulatory hormone as trying to increase pituitary hormone
  • -> decreased target hormone as isn’t stimulated due to decreased pituitary hormone
22
Q

Primary overactivity

A

Target hormone increased

–> hypothalamus stimulatory hormone and pituitary hormone are decreased to try and decrease target hormone

23
Q

Secondary underactivity

A

Pituitary hormone increased

  • -> hypothalamus stimulatory hormone decreased to try and decrease pituitary hormone
  • -> target hormone increased due to faulty high pituitary hormone levels, which cause it to increase
24
Q

GH inhibits

A

SS
GHRH
Itself

25
GHRH role
Promote GH cell clusters for coordinated responses Increase GH cell number Increase GH synthesis Stimulate GH release
26
McCune-Albright syndrome
Mosaic mutation Not inherited R201 mutation excess cAMP
27
McCune-Albright syndrome Diagnostic criteria
Fibrous dysplasia Café au lait spots Endocrine dysfunction --> precocious puberty (GnRH independent), hyperthyroid goitre, adrenal hyperplasia, somatotroph hyperplasia
28
Things that inhibit hGH
Cabergoline Somatostatin analogues Pegvisomant- on liver
29
Pegvisomant
Stops activation of GH receptor
30
Gigantism + acromegaly
``` Very young onset <5 Females more likely Additional hyperprolactinaemia Hyperplasia or adenomas Mostly sporadic ```
31
Gigantism + acromegaly genetics
Duplication of GPR101 on X chromosome
32
GPR101
Increases GHRH
33
Increase cortisol
Cushing's
34
Decrease cortisol
Addison's
35
ACTH stimulated by
CRH | Arginine-vasopressin
36
What inhibits ACTH
cortisol
37
Cortisol release
Circadian rhythm | More at 6-9am
38
Cushing's syndrome groups
ACTH independent | ACTH dependent
39
ACTH independent cushings
Due to steroids
40
ACTH dependent cushings
Adrenal hyperplasia or tumour | Pituitary adenoma
41
What stimulates Kisspeptin
Oestrogen
42
What inhibits FSH and LH
Inhibin
43
Oestrogen +ve feedback of puberty
``` Oestrogen positive effect on kisspeptin by releasing GABA or glutamate Kisspeptin positive effect on GnRH GnRH positive effect on gonadotroph Release of LH + FSH Positive effect on oestrogen Highest at day 30 ```
44
Continuous GnRH drive
Receptor desensitisation Prostate cancer Breast cancer Inhibited with GnRH ANALOGUES
45
Stimulate gonadal axis pulsatile GnRH
Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
46
Kallmann syndrome
No KAL protein (anosmin) released Delayed or absent puberty impaired sense of smell
47
Difference between Arginine Vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin
AVP has a PHE where oxytocin has ILE | AVP has ARG where oxytocin has LEU
48
Vasopressin
Secretion increased mainly by increased osmolality | This increases water re-absorption in collecting tubule
49
Vasopressin absence
Cranial diabetes inspidus
50
Vasopressin replacement
Desmopressin

Metabolism CC (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions