Hypoglycemic Drugs

Question 1

The islets of langerhans is composed of four cells and each synthesize a distant polypeptide

Answer 1

alpha cells: Glucagon
Beta cells: Insulin
Delta cells: Somatostatin
D or F cells: Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 2

Mechanism involved in regulation of insulin secretion

Answer 2

GIT secretion
Autonomic secretion

Question 3

In the autonomic regulation of insulin secretion

Answer 3

The effect of Adrenaline Is to inhibit insulin secretion,a response mediated by alpha adrenergic receptors

Selective stimulation of Beta2 adrenergic receptors results in the stimulation of secreton of insulin.

Question 4

In the autonomic regulation of insulin secretion

Answer 4

The effect of Adrenaline Is to inhibit insulin secretion,a response mediated by alpha adrenergic receptors

Selective stimulation of Beta2 adrenergic receptors results in the stimulation of secreton of insulin.

Question 5

Oral hypoglycaemic drugs are classified into four major groups

Answer 5

Insulin secretagogues
Biguanides
Thiazolidinedione
Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors

Question 6

An example of a short acting insulin preparation

Answer 6

Insulin lispro
Prompt insulin zinc suspension

Question 7

What is the MOA of secretagogues(sulphonyl Urea)?

Answer 7

Bind to K+ channel in pancreatic B-cell membrane and causing depolarisation… this leads to subsequent Calcium influx and insulin release

Question 8

Examples of sulphonyl urea’s

Answer 8

Glipizide
Gliburide
Glinepiride

Question 9

A fast acting secretagogues

Answer 9

Glinides: Nateglinide, Repaglinide

Question 10

The three functions of biguanides

Answer 10

•Reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis
•Decreased insulin absorption from stomach
•Increased Glucose uptake

Question 11

Thiazolidinedione activates which enzymes ………………………………. In Adipose tissue, liver and skeletal muscle

Answer 11

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (gamma)