Ergot Alkaloids, Prostanoids and Uterotonics Flashcards
Ergot alkaloids are produced by the fungus
Claviceps purpura
Examples of ergot alkaloids
Bromocryptin
Ergomovine
Ergotamine
Lysergic acid diethylamine
Methysergid
The manifestations of EA poisoning (ergotism)
Hallucination
Prolonged vasospasm
Stimulation of uterine muscle
There are two major families of ergot alkaloids
Amine alkaloids
Peptide alkaloids
Types of amine alkaloids
Ergomovine
LSD
The example of peptide alkaloid
Ergotamine
Bromocryptin
Clinical uses of EA
Used in treatment of hyperprolactinaemia
Used in treating migraines
Used in treating postpartum hemorrhage
Suppression of physiologic lactation
Use of PGE1
Smooth muscle relaxing effect to maintain patent ductus arteriosus in neonates awaiting heart surgery
Example of a PGE1 analogue
Misoprostol
Example of a PGE2
Dinoprostone
Alpha PGF2 is used in treating
Open angle glaucoma
Example of PGF2 is
Latanoprost
PGE2, PGE1 and PGF2 are used for what in obstetrics
Induce pregnancy
Pharmacologic agents that function in uterine contraction
Misoprostol
Oxytocin
Ergomovine
What is the MOA of Misoprostol
Increases Intracellular Ca2+ levels to cause uterine contraction
Clinical uses of Misoprostol
Induction of labour
Induction of miscarriage
Treatment of postpartum hemorrhage
Treatment of PUD
Where’s oxytocin produced
Paraventricula nuclei of hypothalamus
MOA of oxytocin
Acts via G-protein coupled receptors to cause uterine contraction by increasing Intracellular calcium levels
A uterotonic not used to induce or augment labour
Ergomovine/Ergometrin
What is the side effects of most Uterotonics
Uterine rupture
Hyperstimulation
What are tocolytics
These are drugs used to cause relaxation of the uterus
Examples of tocolytics
Calcium channel blocker: Nifedipine
Oxytocin receptor inhibitors: Atosiban
Beta adrenergic agonists: Salbutamol
