Endocrine Pharmacology(Ovary And Testis) Flashcards
What are the hormones of the ovary?
Oestrogen
Progesterone
Inhibin
Activin
Relaxin (responsible for growth.Inhibits Uterine Contraction)
Androgens
What is the primary function of the androgens
Hair growth in Females
Example of Androgens
Testosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone
Androstenedione
The change of ovarian function at puberty is called
Gonadarchy
What cells of the follicles secrete estrogen under the influence of LH
Outer theca and inner granulosa
Estrogen function reaches its peak when
Just before mid cycle
The cavity of the ruptured follicle would be filled with blood known as
Corpus hemorrhagica
In menopause, Estrogen production comes from
Conversion of adrenal and ovarian steroids such as androstenedione to estrone and estradiol
Types of Estrogen
Natural Estrogen
Steroidal Synthetic Estrogen
Non steroidal Synthetic Estrogen
Examples of natural Estrogen
Estradiol E2
Estrone E1
Estriol E3
The major natural estrogen secreted by Women is
Estradiol
Steroidal Synthetic Estrogen
Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol
Quinestrol
Non Steroidal Synthetic Estrogen
Diethylstibestrol
Dienestrol
Hexestrol
Benzestrol
The Undesirable Side effect associated with the hepatic effect of Estrogen is
Increased Synthesis of clotting Factors
What is the mech of action of estrogen
Binds to Intracellular estrogen receptors in the nucleus of a cell leading to protein synthesis
The most important progestine in women is
Progesterone
Progesterone is a ……… carbon compound
21
Estrogen and testosterone are …………. and ………… carbon compounds respectively
18 and 19
Progesterone serves as a precursor for
Estrogen
Androgen
Adrenocortical Steriods
First gen progesterone
Norethisterone
Second gen progesterone
Norgestrel
Levonorgestrel
Third gen progesterone
Doxogestrel
4th gen Progesterone
Drospirenone
The third and fourth generation progesterone have less side effects because
They don’t have Androgens
Therapeutic uses of Progesterone
Hormone replacement therapy
Treatment of dysmenorrhea
Treatment of Endometriosis
In the use of Progesterone as a test of estrogen Secretion, what quantity and alternative drug is used
Progesterone 150mg/day
Medroxyprogesterone acetate 10mg/day
5 to 7days
The first selective estrogen receptor modulator
Tamoxifen
Example of SERM(Selective Estrogen Receptor modulator) drugs are;
Tamoxifen
Raloxifen
Why is Raloxifene preferred to tamoxifen
It’s inability to cause Endometrial Cancer/hyperplasia
Ovulation Induction agents
Clomiphene Citrate
Letrozole/Anastrozole
Mifepristone is used as an abortifacient when combined with
Misoprostol
Progesterone receptor modulators used as Contraceptive
Ulipristal
Mifepristone
What produces testosterone and under the influence of what hormone
Leydig cells
Luetinizing hormone
Testosterone is bound majorly to…………. In the blood
Sex hormone binding globulin
An estrogen inhibitor also a weak androgen used in the treatment of endometriosis
Danazol
Infertility is
The Inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy after one year of regular, adequate and unprotected coitus
Mech of Action of clomiphene citrate
Competitive Inhibitor of endogenous Estrogen…leading to increased gonadotrophin secretion
Name the Fertility Drugs
Clomiphene citrate
Letrozole/Anastrozole
Metformin
Dopamine agonist:bromocriptine
Human Menopausal Gonadotropin
Mech of action of Letrozole/Anastrozole
Irreversible inhibition of aromatase enzyme
Where does metformin act as a fertility drug
In patients with PCOS…corrects the insulin insensitivity
Menstropine…what is it?…where is it gotten from
Mixture of LH and FSH
Urine of post menopausal women
Two preparation for oral contraceptives are
COC- Combined Oral Contraceptive
POP- Progesterone Only pill
Combined Oral Contraceptive Example
Ethynl Estradiol
Example of POP
Depotmedroxyprogesterone acetate(DMPA)
Hormonal IUCD
Why POP is preferred over COC
It has less side effects
