Hypertensive disease in pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

Define pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

A

Pre-eclampsia is defined as high blood pressure, protein in the urine and oedema. Eclampsia is when the sustained high blood pressure results in symptoms such as seizures or coma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Explain the aetiology/risk factors of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

A

History of preeclampsia

Chronic hypertension, or history of diabetes

First pregnancy

New paternity

Extremes of reproductive age

Race

Obesity

Multiple pregnancy

Interval between pregnancies

In vitro fertilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Summarise the epidemiology of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

A

Usually begins after 20 weeks in pregnancy.

2-8% of pregnancies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Recognise the presenting signs and symptoms of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

A

Proteinuria and kidney dysfunction

Severe headaches

Changes in vision

Upper abdominal pain

Nausea and vomiting

Thrombocytopaenia

Impaired liver function

Dyspnoea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Identify appropriate investigations for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and interpret the results.

A

FBC, LFTs, U+Es

Urinalysis

Fetal ultrasound

CTG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Generate a management plan for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

A

Women at high risk of developing pre-eclampsia:
NICE recommends that women at high risk of pre-eclampsia should be given 75 mg aspirin from early in pregnancy (12 weeks) to delivery

Deliver the baby

If patient is seizing, give magnesium sulfate and deliver the baby.

If baby is less then 34 weeks, give steroids to help lungs develop.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Identify the possible complications of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and its management.

A

Fetal growth restriction

Preterm birth

Placental abruption

HELLP syndrome: Haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count.

Eclampsia

Other organ damage e.g. eyes, liver

Cardiovascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Summarise the prognosis for patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

A

Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia when treated generally have good outcomes, however remain the leading cause of maternal and perinatal death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly