Hyperemesis gravidarum Flashcards

1
Q

Define hyperemesis gravidarum.

A

Excessive vomiting in early pregnancy associated with ketosis and dehydration.

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2
Q

Explain the aetiology of hyperemesis gravidarum.

A

Poorly understood but associated with BHCG levels.

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3
Q

What are the risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum?

A

Multiple pregnancy, GTD, previous HG, high BMI, nulliparity, low maternal age, hyperthyorid

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4
Q

Summarise the epidemiology of hyperemesis gravidarum.

A

1% pregnant women.

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5
Q

Recognise the presenting symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum.

A

Severe N&V

Anorexia

Weight loss

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6
Q

Recognise the signs of hyperemesis gravidarum on physical examination.

A

Dehydration

Tachycardia

Hypotension

Dry mucous membranes.

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7
Q

Identify appropriate investigations for hyperemesis gravidarum and interpret the results.

A

Utine: Assess ketosis, exclude UTI

Bloods: FBC, BHCG, U&Es, LFT, TFT.

USS to exclude multiple and GTD.

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8
Q

Generate a management plan for hyperemesis gravidarum.

A

Admit, rehydrate with IV saline or Hartmann’s. NOT dextrose.

PO thiamine, consider thromboprophylaxis.

Severe – prednigolone, total parenteral nutrition.

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9
Q

Identify the possible complications of hyperemesis gravidarum and its management. Summarise the prognosis for patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.

A

MW tears, Wernickes encephalopathy from loss of B1, muscle wasting, VTE from dehydration, electrolyte disturbance, renal impairment.

Good prognosis with treatment.

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