HYPEREMIA OR CONGESTION: CYANOSIS

Question 1

______ usually denotes a condition characterized by the accumulation of excess fluid or material in a specific body part, often resulting in swelling, inflammation, or impaired function. This can happen in various areas of the body, including lungs, nasal passages, veins, or brain.

Answer 1

Congestion

Question 2

Types of Congestion:

Answer 2

Active congestion
Arterial congestion

Passive congestion
Venous congestion

Question 3

Types of Congestion:

______ is a condition characterized by increased blood flow to a particular area of the body, typically due to inflammation or irritation. This can result in symptoms such as redness, swelling, warmth, pain, and, depending on the location, difficulty breathing.

Answer 3

Active congestion

Question 4

Types of Congestion:

______ happens when blood builds up in the arteries, often due to blockages, vessel narrowing, high blood pressure, or heart issues. This condition and cause symptoms such as pain, numbness, coldness, and changes in skin color.

Answer 4

Arterial congestion

Question 5

Types of Congestion:

______ occurs when blood collects in a tissue or organ because of poor blood drainage. This is commonly seen in conditions like heart failure or valvular diseases, where the heart’s pumping function is impaired or blood vessels are blocked. Symptoms vary depending on the organ involved but may include swelling, fatigue, and shortness of breath.

Answer 5

Passive congestion

Question 6

Types of Congestion:

______ happens when blood flow in the veins slows or becomes obstructed, leading to a buildup of blood in the affected area. This can result in swelling, pain, or discomfort. Common causes include heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, deep vein thrombosis, and varicose veins.

Answer 6

Venous congestion

Question 7

______ arises from increased blood flow due to vasodilation, typically triggered by inflammation, or infection. In contrast, ______ occurs when blood flow is hindered by impaired venous drainage, often due to heart failure or venous obstruction. The primary differences between the two lie in their cases, appearance, and the underlying conditions associated with each type.

Answer 7

Active congestion, passive congestion

Question 8

The 4 cardinal symptoms of inflammation are ______, ______, ______, and ______. These symptoms are caused by increased blood flow, fluid accumulation, and the release of chemicals that stimulate nerve endings.

Answer 8

redness (rubor), heat (calor), swelling (tumor), pain (dolor)

Question 9

______ is a natural physiological response that boosts blood flow to active tissues, ensuring sufficient nutrient delivery and waste removal. This process is crucial for maintaining proper tissue function, especially during activities like exercise, digestion, or tissue repair. It’s a normal and beneficial mechanism that allows our bodies to adapt to varying demands.

Answer 9

Active hyperemia

Question 10

______, a condition where venous blood is obstructed, is always abnormal and disadvantageous. The increased blood pressure in the affected tissue can lead to edema, hypoxia, congestion, and organ dysfunction. This condition can also increase the risk of infection and cause pain and discomfort.

Answer 10

Passive hyperemia

Question 11

______, a condition characterized by a bluish tint of the skin and mucous membranes due to low oxygen levels in the blood, can arise from several causes. Respiratory conditions like ______, ______, and ______, can hinder oxygen absorption, leading to this. Circulatory issues, including heart defects, anemia, and blood vessel construction are also common contributors

Answer 11

Cyanosis, pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma