ACTION CURRENT; THE RHEOSCOPIC PREPARATION; CURRENT OF INJURY Flashcards
______ is the difference in electrical charge across a cell membrane, created by the interaction of ions and their permeability. It is essential for cellular communication and various bodily functions.
Membrane potential
An _______ is characterized by a rapid, brief, and spreading alteration in the resting membrane potential. Only ______ and ______ cells have the ability to generate this, a property known as ______.
action potential, neurons, muscle, excitability
______ is an electric current generated by changes in potential that occur during activity in living tissues like muscles or nerves.
Action current
The ______ refers to the electrical current produced when an injured section of a nerve, muscle, or other excitable tissue is linked via a conductor to the uninjured area; in this scenario, the injured tissue has a negative charge relative to the healthy tissue.
demarcation current
A membrane at rest is said to possess a ______. This resting membrane potential is due to relative impermeability of the membrane to ______. Any factor stimulus that would serve to increase the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions would likely to produce a series of rapid changes in the membrane potential, followed by a return of the membrane potential to its resting value, such series of changes is called ______.
resting membrane potential, sodium loss, ACTION POTENTIAL
Action potential is characterized by two phases: ______ and ______.
DEPOLARIZATION, REPOLARIZATION
A membrane at rest contains ______ outside and ______ inside. Therefore, the outer surface is said to be ______ while the inner surface is said to be ______. When the membrane is stimulated, there is an increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions. The sodium ions now enter the membrane easily. This causes a reversal of charge across the membrane, thus the outer surface becomes ______ as a result of the loss of reversal of charge across the membrane following stimulation is referred to as ______.
positive ions, negative ions, electropositive, electronegative, electronegative, DEPOLARIZATION
Almost immediately after depolarization, the membrane again becomes impermeable to sodium ions. As a result of this, the reversal potential inside the membrane disappears, and the normal resting membrane potential returns. This is called ______.
REPOLARIZATION
When a membrane in injured, the damaged area becomes ______ since this damage allows sodium ions to enter the membrane easily. The uninjured portion however, remains ______. This potential difference between the two portions of the membrane is called the ______. This membrane, once stimulated at the uninjured portion, produces an ______ without any ______ because the impulse stops at the damaged areas. Therefore, this membrane is capable of ______ but not ______.
electronegative, electropositive, DEMARCATION POTENTIAL, upward deflection, downward deflection, depolarization, repolarization
A membrane at rest possesses its own ______, action current is ______ in that it involves depolarization as well as repolarization, and demarcation current or current of injury is ______ in that it is incapable of repolarization.
resting membrane potential, diphasic, monophasic
