Hyper And Hypo Calcemia Flashcards
What fractions are included in a typical measurement of total serum calcium?
.iCa (50%)
Completed/chelated Ca (10%)
Protein bound Ca (40%)
What is the normal range of calcium?
8.5-11.7mg/dL
What is the source of vitD in animals
Diet!
If Ca is too high, ___________ is released ti increased Ca deposition in bones and decreased Ca reabsorption from the kidney
Calcitonin (from the thyroid)
If Ca levels are too low, ________________ is released to increase Ca release from bone and increase Ca reabsorption from urine
PTH (parathyroid)
Vitamin D will have what effect on calcium?
Increased Ca absorption from the GI
Inhibit Calcitonin release from the thyroid
PU/PD, weakness, lethargy, inappetence, and v/d, are clinical signs of (hyper or hypo-)? Calcemia?
Hypercalcemia
What is the DDX for hypercalcemia
H- hyperparathyroidism A- addisons R- renal failure D- hypervitaminosis D I- idiopathic hypercalcemia of cats O- osteolysis N- neoplasia S- spurious
If you have a Ca X P product >70, what may you be concerned about?
Dystrophic mineralization
What should be your diagnostic approach to hypercalcemia ?
Recheck and check iCa
Hx of VitD exposure
PE: LN, rectal, vaginal, mammary gland, bone pain/lameness, fundic
Labwork: phos:Ca level
Labwork: renal failure, addisons, multiple myeloma
What is the body’s response to minor and major decreases in Ca?
Minor= increase PTH
Major= increase PTH, VitD3
Clinical signs are usually only seen in severe hypocalcemia, what can cause decreases in Ca of this magnitude ?
Eclampsia
Hypoparathyroidism
Diet?
What are the causes of primary hypoparathyroidism ?
Idiopathic - rare, small breed, female, ave age 4.8yrs
Iatrogenic- post thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy
An excessive loss of Ca in milk is called?
Eclampsia
T/F: in a lactating bitch with tetany you can assume hypocalcemia as your clinical diagnosis
True
