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TERM 2 > Hydrotherapy > Flashcards

Hydrotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Maintenance of the bodies temperature is known as?

A

Thermoregulation

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2
Q

What is the bodies core temperature around?

A

37 degrees

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3
Q

How many degrees coolers is the shell temperature of the body to the core temperature?

A

1-6 degrees

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4
Q

What are the four functions of the skin?

A

Protection, thermal regulation, absorption, excretion

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5
Q

What detects temperature?

A

thermorecepters in the skin

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6
Q

What part of the brain acts as are thermostat for the body by heat conservation and heat releasing mechanisms in the body?

A

Hypothalamus

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7
Q

How do blood vessels contribute to thermoregulation?

A

by Changing diameter and therefore controlling blood flow in response to temperature stmuli

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8
Q

Blood vessels restricting in response to cold is known as?

A

Vasoconstriction

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9
Q

Blood vessels widening in response to heat is known as?

A

Vasodilation

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10
Q

Which liquid has the highest heat capacity?

A

Water

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11
Q

What temperatures can skin tolerate?

A

0-44 degrees

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12
Q

Define conduction?

A

exchange of heat between two surfaces that are in direct contact with each other eg thermophore

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13
Q

Define convection?

A

Result of movement of heated gas or liquid between two surfaces at a different temperature e.g sauna

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14
Q

Define Radiation?

A

The transfer of heat between objects via infrared rays that are not in direct contact e.g the heat the body absorbs in the sunshine

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15
Q

Define evaporation?

A

conversion of liquid to a vapor e.g perspiration as sweat evaporates from the skins surface, it removes heat from the body

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16
Q

Define conversion?

A

No externally applied heat e.g ultrasound

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17
Q

What is the local effect of hydrotherapy?

A

occur in specific area of a hydrotherapy application.

Increasing decreasing blood flow, altering local immune responses, improving tissue pliability, decreasing pain

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18
Q

What is a reflex effect to hydrotherapy?

A

Effects that occur in the nervous system

Physiological changes in deeper tissues/ organs or in other parts of the body

19
Q

What a systemic effect of hydrotherapy?

A

Changes in blood pressure, venous return

20
Q

How does a skin discrimination test work?

A

Response to different temperatures on the skin. Can they feel temperature stimulus accurately.

21
Q

How is the patch test used in hydrotherapy?

A

Is there allergy to ice?

22
Q

What is the nail bed test used for?

A

Used for patients with vascular disorders or to ensure compression from an ice bandage is not restricting blood flow to distal tissues too much

23
Q

What is the minimum temperature difference between the stimulus and the skin to create a reaction?

A

10 degrees

24
Q

What are some absolute general contraindications to hydrotherapy?

A

Inebriation
Unknown systemic condition
fainting
chronic congestive heart failure

25
Q

What are some absolute local contraindications to hydrotherapy?

A 
Not appropriate on a specific area
Gangrene
Acute arteritis
vasomotor paralysis 
open wounds, lesions
during radiation therapy
26
Q

What are some general contraindications to hydrotherapy?

A 
Asthma
aneurysm 
severe emphysema 
epilepsy 
Diabetes
hypertension
Medications that affect the perception of pain
27
Q

What are some absolute contraindications to heat application?

A 
Acute and sub-acute inflammation 
pre gangrene
neuritis
skin is burned
during vascular headaches
28
Q

What are some cautions for heat applications?

A

presence of pins, wires, staples, artificial joints or implants

29
Q

The primary response of the body to heat is known as what?

A

Passive derivation

30
Q

What is passive hyperemia?

A

The resulting increase in blood flow in the area can be seen as redness of the skin

31
Q

What are some direct effects heat has on soft tissue?

A

Heat increases fascial excursion, decreases joint stiffness

32
Q

What are some indications for heat?

A

Chronic pain
chronic elevated resting tension
trigger points

33
Q

What is Fomentations ?

A

A fomentation is a hot moist compress either encased in or covered with a dry layer that provides prolonged heat

34
Q

What is a hydrocollator?

A

A clay or silica-gel filled pack soaked in hot water to provide prolonged, moist heat.

35
Q

How many towels and layers should be wrapped around the hydrocollator?

A

3-5 layers

Layers can be removed as it cools

36
Q

What are some contraindications for the hydrocollator?

A

fragile bone

unstable joints

37
Q

What is the duration of time that a hydrocollator should be left on a patient?

A

10-20 mins

38
Q

What is paraffin wax used for?

A

Smaller treatment areas
Scar
adhensions
specific area of tension

39
Q

What happens when you plug in paraffin wax?

A

It heats up a temperature higher than therapeutic temperature in order to self sterilize. Wait 10 minutes before using it

40
Q

How many layers of wax should be painted on to effective? and which layer should be the largest?

A

8-10 layers

First Layer

41
Q

What is the paraffin wax wrapped with after the layers are added?

A

saran wrap followed by a towel and then an additional heat source and is left on for 10-20 minutes

42
Q

What is the process of alternating hot towels?

A

Towels are soaked in a bucket hot water
Wring out the towel and apply to the area of the body to be treated
When the towel begins to cool, place a dry towel over the application and apply a fresh hot towel on top. Turn all three towels over and remove the cooled towel that is now on top.
Repeat for 10-20 minutes

43
Q

What are physiological effects?

A

Exceptionally healing
Increase circulation locally (mainly when used with a heat source)
Potentially regulates metabolism locally (when used regularly)

TERM 2 (12 decks)

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