Hydropower Plant pt.2.1 (LOCAL Government Prog.) Flashcards
This program aims to promote the development and utilization of renewable energy sources, including hydropower, to reduce the country’s dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate climate change. It includes policies, incentives, and support mechanisms to encourage investment in hydropower projects.
National Renewable Energy Program
Focused specifically on small-scale hydropower projects, this program aims to harness the potential of small rivers and streams for electricity generation. It provides technical assistance, financing options, and regulatory support to facilitate the development of small hydropower plants across the Philippines.
Small Hydropower Development Program
This program focuses on the overall growth and competitiveness of the hydropower industry in the Philippines. It includes initiatives to improve Infrastructure, enhance regulatory frameworks, and promote research and innovation in hydropower technology.
.Hydropower Industry Development Program
Enacted in 2008, provides the legal framework for the development, utilization, and commercialization of renewable energy resources, including hydropower. It outlines Incentives, feed-in tariffs, and other mechanisms to promote renewable energy investments.
Renewable Energy Law
implements various hydropower projects to increase electrification rates in rural and remote areas. These projects aim to provide sustainable and reliable electricity supply through hydropower generation.
National Electrification Administration’s (NEA)
Hydropower Projects
This program focuses on building the technical capacity of stakeholders involved in hydropower development, including government agencies, local communities, and private sector entities. It includes training, workshops, and knowledge-sharing activities.
Department of Energy’s Hydropower Capacity Building Program
oversees the environmental regulation of hydropower projects to ensure compliance with environmental laws and regulations. This program aims to balance energy development with environmental conservation and sustainability.
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
is responsible for implementing policies related to water resource management, including hydropower development. This program focuses National Water Resources Board’s Hydropower Policy Implementationon maximizing the utilization of water resources for sustainable energy generation.
National Water Resources Board
Mindanao, with its abundant water resources, has significant potential for hydropower development. This leads Initiatives to harness this potential through the development of large-scale and small-scale hydropower projects.
Mindanao Development Authority’s (MinDA) Hydropower Development Initiatives
Under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), this program integrates hydropower development with other socio-economic activities in specific areas to promote sustainable development. It includes infrastructure development, livelihood support, and environmental conservation measures.
Sustainable Integrated Area Development (SIAD) Program for Hydropower
Under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), this master plan integrates hydropower development with water resource management objectives to optimize the use of water resources for energy generation, irrigation, and other purposes. It aims to achieve water energy-food security and environmental sustainability.
National Water Resources Development and
Management Master Plan
Under the National Electrification Administration (NEA), this program focuses on expanding access to electricity in rural areas through the development of hydropower systems. It addresses the unique challenges faced by rural communities and prioritizes the use of clean and renewable energy sources.
Rural Electrification Program for Hydropower
Latest figures indicate that the world has an
installed capacity for hydropower generation
exceeding ________ gigawatts and a production output exceeding ______ terawatt-hours per year.
1,300
4,000
Hydropower constitutes around ____ of the global power supply, becoming the world’s largest renewable energy source. The share in regional and country energy mixes of hydropower varies significantly, particularly in countries where the share of renewables in electricity generation is high.
16%
PARTS AND TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION FOR THE ENERGY
- Hydroelectric Turbines
- Hydrogenerators
- Inlet Valves
- Transformers
- Hydraulic Actuators
- Hydraulic Valves
- Hydraulic Pumps
- Electro Hydraulic Governor
- Radial Gates
- Surging Tanks
- Penstock
- ________ is an hydroelectric device used to convert the kinetic energy of the flowing water into mechanical energy. The energy possessed by the flowing water is transferred by the means of a rotating shaft in the turbine. The estimation of the energy conversion from kinetic to mechanical is 90%.
- A wheel, sometimes known as an ________, plus a stationary component, known as a __________, make up a hydroelectric turbine. While the latter transfers the kinetic energy from the water to the shaft on which the wheel or impeller is placed, the former controls and directs the flow of water
- HYDROELECTRIC TURBINES
- impeller, distributor or stator
THREE TYPES OF HYDROELECTRIC
TURBINES
Francis turbine (Reaction Turbines)
Pelton turbine (Impulse Type)
Kaplan turbine (Propeller-Type)
The most widely used hydraulic turbine is the ____________, created in 1848 by British-American engineer ________. With a centripetal flow turbine, the water travels along a spiral conduit to the impeller, where it is directed toward the impeller blades by movable pallets fastened to the fixed portion. It is utilized for __________ variations, ranging from 10 to 400 meters, and has a water capacity of 2 to 100 cubic meters per second.
Francis turbine (Reaction Turbines)
James B. Francis
medium height
____________, an American inventor and carpenter, created the ____________ (Impulse Type) in 1879. Its working mechanism is similar to the traditional paddle wheel of vintage watermills that were updated for greater efficiency. Water is directed into a penstock that has a nozzle attached to the end. The water is directed by this bottleneck by increasing its velocity. The ________ shaped blades of the impeller are struck by the water jet that emerges from the nozzle. Pelton turbines are utilized for huge height differences, from 300 to 1,400 meters, and fewer than 50 cubic meters per second of water capacity in order to produce higher velocity.
Lester Allan Pelton
Pelton turbine (Impulse Type)
spoon-shaped blades
The ____________ (Propeller-Type), created in 1913 by professor ________ of Austria, functions on the same principles as a boat propeller. ________ are used. In respect to the propeller’s rotational axis, the water flow that powers the blades enters and departs axially. This kind of turbine guarantees optimal performance with tiny height fluctuations but also with big capacity variations (200 cubic meters per second and more) since the angle of incidence of the blades is changeable.
Kaplan turbine
Viktor Kaplan
Axial Kaplan turbines
