Hydrodynamics: Swimming Modes

Question 1

Factors that characterize swimming modes (2)

Answer 1

Nature of propulsive wave: Undulation or ossilation

Body Parts: trunk or fin

Question 2

Undulation

Answer 2

lateral movement of the body
increases caudally
wavelength is short relative to body length
good burst acceleration, but poor top speed
High drag

Question 3

Oscillation

Answer 3

Minimal body wave formation
poor acceleration
high speed
low drag

Question 4

Anguilliform Movement

Answer 4

Most of body undulates (Eels, small sharks)

Question 5

Subcarangiform Movement

Answer 5

Back half undulation – trunk and some caudal (Salmon)

Question 6

Carangiform

Answer 6

More restricted to posterior end, back 1/3 (Clupeiforms)

Question 7

Thunniform

Answer 7

No body flex, just caudal movement (Tuna, large sharks)

Question 8

Ostracoform

Answer 8

Slow, no body undulation, oscillation

Question 9

Amiiform

Answer 9

Undulation of dorsal fin

Question 10

Gymnotiform

Answer 10

Undulation of anal fin

Question 11

Balistiform

Answer 11

Undulation of dorsal and anal fin

Question 12

Tetradontoniform

Answer 12

Oscilliation of dorsal and anal

Question 13

Rajiform

Answer 13

Undulation of pectorals

Question 14

Diodontiform

Answer 14

undulation of pectorals and oscillation

Question 15

Labriform

Answer 15

Oscillation of pectorals