Hunger Flashcards
glucose
important for bodily function, is preffered method of energy for the brain
glycogen
released between meals some in muscles, but mostly in liver, insulin helps regulate
glucose storage as glycogen
increase in blood sugar, insulin is secreted, uptake of glucose, eventually decrease in blood sugar, liver converts glycogen to glucose
insulin secretion
when blood sugar high, body secretes insulin which causes uptake of glucose by cells
low blood sugar = …
glycogen breakdown
datiety
feeling of fullness
NPY
a hunger cue that signal to your body to engage in food seeking behaviours, increase in level of activity in hypothalmus
CKK
responsible for short term satiety released from small intestine, acts on brain
adipose tissue is an
organ
leptin
influences hunger and satiety, adipose tissue secretes leptin, OB gene regulates leptin production.
leptin resistance
not in humans
leptin and NPY
interact to regulate the weight to optimal levels. leptin inhibits NPY actions. leads to decreased appetite
NPY promotes increase _____ consumption
carb
endogenous opioids
morphine-like actions within the body, Naloxone decreases intake of saccharin, sucrose, and saline by blocking opioids
body protects itself from …
weight loss more than weight gain
universal taste response
sweet: smile
bitter / sour: reject, unhappy
taste preference allows you to know …
what is safe to eat
taste sensitivity
can be due to the number of tastebuds
pregnant women are especially sensitive to sweet and bitter especially in the first tri.
taste + smell =
flavor
sweet
energy rich
salt
essential electrolytes
sour / bitter
warn of spoiled or harmful food
umami
savoury
each taste bud has proportion of
all 5 taste receptors on it
can distinguish about _____ smells
10 000
odorant molecules in air bind to
smell receptors
1 smell receptor recieves input from ____ cilia
10 - 20
a specific cell activates
a unique pattern of firing across olfactory receptor cells
what is the “alarm bell” that is important for survival
amygdala
brain responds to eating very similar to
addictive stimuli
food is engineered to be
irresistable
more developed a population means
increased obesity
social factors influence
portion size and speed on consumption
bottomless soup eat ~___% more
50
increased BMI = _____
decreased dopamine receptors
olfactory bulb
area of the brain where the smell is first transduced from a chemical signal to an electrical signal.
contains glomeruli
