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Reproduction > Hungarian final exam 2022, translated (2) > Flashcards

Hungarian final exam 2022, translated (2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is true about the mare’s uterus?
− vagina not affected
− vaginal examination has diagnostic value
− rectal examination is not diagnostic
− transabdominal ultrasound has diagnostic value

A

transabdominal ultrasound has diagnostic value

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2
Q

Which method is suitable in practice for determining mudslides?
− vaginal cytology
− the measurement of blood estradiol levels
− the measurement of the electrical conductivity of vaginal mucus
− none of them

A

none of them

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3
Q

Do you ovulate outside the breeding season?
- yes
- there is none
− rarely
- We don’t know

A

rarely

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4
Q

Is there follicle development outside the breeding season?
− Yes
- there is none
- rarely
- We don’t know!

A

yes

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5
Q

How do we perform insemination with fresh, chilled sperm in the mare?
− with a laparoscope
− with a speculum
− with a fertilization catheter
− with a spongy end fertilization catheter

A

with a fertilization catheter

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6
Q

What method do we use to collect semen from a stallion?
− artificial sleeve
- electroejaculator
− gloved hand
− a condom

A

artificial sleeve

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7
Q

What is the form of artificial insemination in mares?
− cervically
− intrauterine
− vaginally
- none of them

A

Intrauterine

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8
Q

After mating, sperm viability in the mare’s genital tract:
− for 4-5 days
- For 8-9 days
- for 1-2 days
− for 0.5-4 days

A

for 4-5 days

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9
Q

The optimal time for frozen sperm fertilization in mares:
- 24-48 hours before ovulation
- 12-18 hours before ovulation
− -6 hours before and +6 hours after ovulation
- 24 hours after ovulation

A

-6 hours before and +6 hours after ovulation

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10
Q

How can the foals’ IgG supply be increased beyond 24 hours after farrowing?
- More colostrum po.
− Frozen and thawed colostrum po.
- More colostrum via nasopharyngeal tube.
− Only with intravenous plasma transfusion.

A

Only with intravenous plasma transfusion.

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11
Q

What does the 1-2-3 rule mean for newborn foals?
− 1: suckles in 1 hour, 2: stands within 2 hours, 3: meconium passes within 3 hours
− 1: standing within 1 hour, 2: sucking within 2 hours, 3: meconium passes within 3 hours
− 1: meconium passes within 1 hour, 2: suckling within 2 hours, 3: standing within 3 hours
− 1: meconium passes within 1 hour, 2: standing within 2 hours, 3: sucking within 3 hour

A

1: standing within 1 hour, 2: sucking within 2 hours, 3: meconium passes within 3 hours

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12
Q

What is the main event of the postpartum period?
- Increased relaxin production
− Discharge of the amniotic membrane
− Increased production of PMSG
- Increased progesterone production

A

Discharge of the amniotic membrane

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13
Q

When does the amniotic membrane rupture during a normal delivery?
− At the same time as the chorioallantoic membrane.
- Sometimes before the rupture of the chorioallantoic membrane.
- Always before the rupture of the chorioallantoic membrane.
− After rupture of the chorioallantoic membrane.

A

After rupture of the chorioallantoic membrane.

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14
Q

Which one is typical for: smooth, pink, clearly visible blood vessels.
− The fetal side of the allantochorion.
− The fetal side of the amnion.
− The maternal side of the amniotic membrane.
− The maternal side of the allantochorion.

A

The fetal side of the allantochorion.

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15
Q

Where does the chorioallantoic (allantoic) membrane rupture during a normal delivery?
- At the cervical star, but still in the uterine horn.
− At the cervical star in the cervix.
− Outside the birth canal at the cervical star.
− Outside the birth canal at the apex of the uterine horns

A

At the cervical star in the cervix.

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16
Q

What is characteristic of the foal’s intrauterine movement during farrowing?
− By turning from a prone position to a back position.
- None of them are typical.
− By rotating from a supine position to a prone position.
− From a supine position to a prone position, but no rotation.

A

By rotating from a supine position to a prone position.

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17
Q

Which is a non-clinical symptom of impending parturition?
− Contraction and shortening of labia in the 24 hours before calving.
- Lactation and milk production.
- Waxy drops at the end of the nipple.
- Milk dripping.

A

Contraction and shortening of labia in the 24 hours before calving.

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18
Q

Which is not involved in the regulation of parturition?
− relaxin
- estradiol
− PGF2α
− PMSG

A

PMSG

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19
Q

What is the main factor that triggers calving?
− Progesterone block
- Fetal oxytocin
− Fetal glucocorticoid
− Maternal glucocorticoid

A

Fetal glucocorticoid

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20
Q

Which period is ideal for early fetal sex determination in mares?
− 55-70. day
− 15-25. day
− 100-120. day
− After the 200th day

A

After the 200th day
??

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21
Q

The most effective way to end a twin pregnancy is by suppressing:
− 9-15.
− 100-120.
- 70-90.
− 200-333.

A

9-15.

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22
Q

What happens if a 45-day-old twin-pregnant mare is vaccinated with 1 dose of PGF2α injection?
− one fetus dies
− both fetuses die
− miscarried
- nothing

A

miscarried

23
Q

It can NOT be used to successfully terminate a twin pregnancy…
− suppression of one embryo rectally until the 16th day
− luteolysis / miscarriage
− Feed reduction for 10-12 days
− transrectal cranio-cervical dislocation

A

Feed reduction for 10-12 days

24
Q

Because it is possible to mistake pregnancy during a rectal examination in a mare in the 100-120. between days?
− with bladder
− with ovaries
- with his left kidney
− with feces balls

A

with bladder

25
Q

Which specific pregnancy testing method in mares?
− progesterone level measurement
− vaginal examination
− rectal examination
− monitoring the symptoms of scurvy

A

rectal examination

26
Q

How can we check the heartbeat of the embryo in a mare on the 30th day of pregnancy?
− by rectal palpation
- with a phonendoscope
− with ultrasound
− with cardiotocography (CTG)

A

with ultrasound

27
Q

What can indicate early embryonal mortality in ewes?
− absence of a heartbeat on the 12th day
− absence of heartbeat on day 16
− absence of heartbeat on day 21
− absence of heartbeat on day 30

A

absence of heartbeat on day 30

28
Q

The beginning of placentation (adhesion) in horses…
- 80-85. day
- 20-25. day
- 100th day
- day 40

A

day 40

29
Q

Disintegration time of the embryonic glycoprotein capsule:
− 8-10.
− 20-22.
- 40-45.
- 70-90.

A

20-22.

30
Q

From which day can ultrasound be used to determine pregnancy in mares at the earliest?
− 12-14. from day
− 21-25. from day
− 28-35. from day
- 60-70. from day

A

12-14. from day

31
Q

The placenta takes over progesterone production (in days)…
− 70.
- 100.
- 9-15.
- 30-35.

A

70

32
Q

The cause of the formation of accessory corpora lutea…
- INF production
- hCG production
− eCG production
− progesterone production

A

eCG production

33
Q

The time of the formation of accessory corpora lutea expressed in days of pregnancy…
- 9-15
- 20-25
− 40-70
− 80-150

A

40-70

34
Q

During pregnancy, the horse produces gestational progesterone…
- endometrial cups
− the embryo itself
− corpus luteum(s) and placenta
− only the corpus luteum

A

corpus luteum(s) and placenta

35
Q

Minimum progesterone concentration to maintain pregnancy:
− 0.4 ng/ml
− 8 ng/ml
− 15 ng/ml
− 4 ng/ml

A

4 ng/ml

36
Q

In horses, it causes maternal recognition of pregnancy…
− embryonic elongation
− embryonic mobility
− eCG
− interferons

A

embryonic mobility

37
Q

Which statement is true about the mare’s pregnancy?
− maternal recognition (pregnancy day 12-14) inhibits PGF2α production
− maternal recognition (pregnancy day 12-14) induces PGF2α production
− maternal recognition (pregnancy day 12-14) inhibits PMSG production
− maternal recognition (pregnancy days 12-14) prevents the formation of endometrial cups

A

maternal recognition (pregnancy day 12-14) inhibits PGF2α production

38
Q

The time of fixation of the horse embryo expressed in days of pregnancy…
− 12-14
− 5.5-6
− 15-16-17
- 40-45

A

15-16-17

39
Q

What is the duration of the embryonic mobility phase in mares?
− 9-10. from day to fixation
- 30-35. day
- 40-45. day
- 80-85. day

A

9-10. from day to fixation

40
Q

When does the horse embryo arrive in the womb?
− 12-14. day
− 5.5-6. day
- 30-35. day
- 70-90. day

A

5.5-6. day

41
Q

Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) can be detected with great certainty during these days of pregnancy:
− 10-90
− 40-100
− 5.5-6
− 120-170

A

40-100

42
Q

The beginning of the formation of endometrial cups…
− approx. 35th day of pregnancy
- approx. 100th day
- approx. Day 75
- approx. 90th day

A

approx. 35th day of pregnancy

43
Q

Characteristic of horse pregnancy:
− embryo elongation
− bPAG production
− ovINF-tau production
− capsule formation

A

Capsule formation

44
Q

Length of oestrus in mare:
− 2-11 days
- 12:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m
− 48-72 hours
− 24-36 hours

A

2-11 days

45
Q

What is the peculiarity of the horse’s sexual cycle?
- polyestrous animal species, with a cycle length of 21 days throughout the year
- polyestrous animal species, with a cycle length of 17 days throughout the year
- seasonally polyestrous, long-day animal species
- a seasonally polyestrous, short-day animal species

A

seasonally polyestrous, long-day animal species

46
Q

Which insemination technique is not used in the ewe?
− vaginal/vaginal
− cervical/neck canal
− intrauterine/uterine insemination
− rectovaginal

A

rectovaginal

47
Q

When do embryos arrive in the uterus in small ruminants?
− 1-2 days after ovulation
− 3-5 days after ovulation
− 7-8 days after ovulation
− 9-10 days after ovulation

A

3-5 days after ovulation

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48
Q

Regarding small ruminants, one of the following statements is correct. Mark it!
− any catheter can be inserted through the cervix
− the catheter can be inserted up to the first fold ring of the cervix
- only the inseminator catheter can be inserted through the cervix
− the cervix cannot be traversed
- the cervix can also be easily dilated during childbirth

A

??

49
Q

Mark the WRONG answer! Care of pregnant goats.
- duration of dry standing: 6-8 weeks
− goats with mastitis in the past must also be treated during drying
− pregnant goats must be vaccinated against tetanus and enterotoxaemia 4 weeks before calving
− in case of incomplete opening, only calcium treatment is given
− if protein muscle disease occurs, the animals must be treated with vitamin E and selenium injections

A

in case of incomplete opening, only calcium treatment is given

50
Q

Which method can NOT be used to determine early pregnancy in sheep?
− ultrasound examination
− estrogen test
− vaginal biopsy
− rectoabdominal palpation
- prolactin test

A

vaginal biopsy

51
Q

Examination of small ruminant ovaries.
- they can be easily examined with a laparoscope
- they can be examined rectally
- they can be easily examined with X-rays
− they can be easily examined with a rectal ultrasound
− they can be easily examined with an abdominal ultrasound

A

they can be easily examined with an abdominal ultrasound

52
Q

Which method is the most practical to determine uterine lesions in small ruminants?
− rectal examination
− ultrasonography
− bacteriological examination
- uterine biopsy
− laparoscopy

A

ultrasonography

53
Q

Melatonin…
- produced in small ruminants during daylight hours
− it is produced in small ruminants during the night (dark) hours
- it is produced all day long in small ruminants
- produced in the morning hours in small ruminants

A

it is produced in small ruminants during the night (dark) hours

54
Q

How long is the estrous cycle in goats?
- 16-17 days
− 20-21 days
- 27-28 days
- 9-10 days

A

20-21 days

Reproduction (19 decks)

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