2023 pqssssss

Question 1

What is not a typical clinical sign of forthcoming foaling?

a. Udder enlargement and secretion true
b. vulvar contraction and …. 0-24
c. waxing of the teat (48-72 h before) true
d. dripping milk

Answer 1

b. vulvar contraction and …. 0-24

Question 2

Which state of follicular development requires LH-mediated survival and development?

a. Arretiert follicle
b. primordial follicle
c. secondary follicle
d. selected tertiary and preovulatory follicle

Answer 2

d. selected tertiary and preovulatory follicle

Question 3

Physiological breeding period in mares in Northern hemisphere?
a. spring,
b. summer
c. autumn
d. winter

Answer 3

b. summer

Question 4

How many conceptuses must be present in the urine horns to estimate pregnancy in a sow?

a. only one
b. at least 2
c. at least 4
d. at least 10

Answer 4

b. at least 2

Question 5

The pseudopregnancy in cats….
a. about 63 days
b. as long as in dog in dog
c. length is as long as the pregnancy
d. about the half of the pregnancy’s duration 30-35d

Answer 5

d. about the half of the pregnancy’s duration 30-35d

Question 6

What does syngamy mean?

a. first cell division
b. formation of a cavity in the embryo
c. fusion of the male and the female pronucleus
d. fertilisation

Answer 6

c. fusion of the male and the female pronucleus

Question 7

What is the trigger of the mares parturition?

a. Progesterone block
b. fetal oxytocin
c. fetal corticoids
d. maternal corticoids

Answer 7

c. fetal corticoids

Question 8

In which cycle phase can we detect the highest oestrogen value?

a. Prooestrus
b. Estrus
c. Metestrus
d. Anestrus

Answer 8

a. Prooestrus

Question 9

What characterises the foals intrauterine movements at the end of pregnancy?

a. from dorsal into ventral position without rotation

b. same but with rotation

c. opposite but with rotation

d. none of them is true

Answer 9

c. opposite but with rotation

Question 10

How long is the pregnancy in the sheep?

a. 60
b. 90
c. 150
d. 180

Answer 10

c. 150

Question 11

Which of the following is not a contributing factor of postpartum anestrus in dairy cow?

a. low body condition score
b. 60 day dry period
c. calving in winter
d. more than 2 milking a day

Answer 11

d. more than 2 milking a day

Question 12

Mark the INCORRECT answer: In case of dogs the chilled semen….

a. is stored to 4-5degree
b. has to be used for artificial insemination in 1h after the collection
c. can be used for AI with intravaginal and intrauterine techniques
d. is combined with diluents

Answer 12

b. has to be used for artificial insemination in 1h after the collection

Question 13

Small ruminants …

a. are long day breeders eq
b. have 1 or 2 oestrus cycles a year
c. show the signs of oestrus year….
d. are seasonally polyesters animals

Answer 13

d. are seasonally polyesters animals

Question 14

What is essential of the followings for embryonic survival in swine?

a. intrauterine migration and equidistant spacing for the uterus/
b. embryons must stay at the cranial part of the uterine horn during the pregnancy/
c. … caudal/
d. embryos must be attached to the epithelial cells of the uterus tightly next to each other

Answer 14

a. intrauterine migration and equidistant spacing for the uterus/

Question 15

Choose the correct statement.

a. The primary oocyte is arrested in the prophase of the first meiotic division.

b. The female reproductive tract is derived from the Wolffian duct.

c. The sow has uterus duplex.

d. Aromatase enzyme is responsible for the conversion of estogens into androgens.

Answer 15

a. The primary oocyte is arrested in the prophase of the first meiotic division.

Question 16

How many hours after finishing the progesterone synchronization treatment should small ruminants be
inseminated?

a. 48 50 hours
b. 10 12 fours
c. 24-36 hours
d. 6hours

Answer 16

a. 48 50 hours??

Question 17

How long is the oestrous cycle in the cow? average:

a. 17 days
b. 21 days
c. 28 days
d. 14 days

Answer 17

b. 21 days

Question 18

What enabled the practical use of embryo cryopresentation in the daily routine? Choose the incorrect answer:

a. Direct transfer or one step method which avoids the removal of embryos from the straw
b. Stepwise dilution of cryoprotectve agents atter thawing
c. Preventing the formation of large intracellular ice crystals by optinum cooling speed
d. Avoiding osmotic shock by combined use of penetrating and non peneo ing PAs

Answer 18

a. Direct transfer or one step method which avoids the removal of embryos from the straw

Question 19

What produces progesterone in pregnant ewes after day 60?
a. corpus luteum
b. adrenal gland
c. placenta and corpus luteum
d. placenta

Answer 19

d. placenta

Question 20

Mark the CORRECT statement on the embryo vitrification….

a. The process takes place in large volume
b. 250 ull/ Controlled ice crystallization occurs during the procedure
c. Samples are preserved in small volume of solution (tewul)
d. Can’t be applied under laboratory circumstances

Answer 20

c. Samples are preserved in small volume of solution (tewul)

Question 21

Melatonin is produced…..

a. during light hours in the small ruminants
b. during night
c. dark hours in the small ruminants
d. all day in the small ruminants
e. early in the morning in the small ruminants

Answer 21

c. dark hours in the small ruminants

Question 22

How many waves of follicular development are in the porcine cycle?

a. 2-3
b. 1
c. There are no waves
d. 4-5

Answer 22

b. 1

Question 23

What is the reproductive role of kisspeptin neurons?

a. Directly stimulates the follicle growth
b. Induces LH release in the pituitary cells
c. Based on melatonin inputs. stimulates or inhibits the GnRH neurons
d. Decreases the leptin level in the blood

Answer 23

c. Based on melatonin inputs. stimulates or inhibits the GnRH neurons

Question 24

Monoestrus means, that…

a. There’s ony one estrus cycle in a year.
b. Every each active phase of the ovarian activity is followed by an obligate calm period
c. Heat occures in every two months
d. This is a patologic disorder, the bitch is onty once on heat during her whole life.

Answer 24

a. There’s ony one estrus cycle in a year.

Question 25

How long is the voluntary waiting period preceding the first insemination in dairy cattle?

a. 40 to 60 days after calving
b. 60 to 80 days after calving
c. 40 to 60 days after dry-off
d. 60 to 80 days after dry of

Answer 25

b. 60 to 80 days after calving

Question 26

How could be evidenced the completed ovulation in dog?

a. With LH concentration measurement
b. Female accepts apprpach of males
c. Measurement of ocstrogen concentration
d. Measuring of progesterone concentration
e. Between day 9-13th after onset of heat.

Answer 26

d. Measuring of progesterone concentration

Question 27

Silent heat is…

a. When ovulation occurs in the absence of proestrus-estrus behavicr or notable clinical sign
b. when the dogs cannot bark loudly during the heat
c. when the heat is interupted so the ovulation doesn’t occur
d. Where the ovary becomes inactive

Answer 27

a. When ovulation occurs in the absence of proestrus-estrus behavicr or notable clinical sign

Question 28

What is the role of the tight junction in the testis?

a. Protection of the developing spermatozoa
b. They do not have any task
c. Feeding of spermatozoa
d. Production of different hormones

Answer 28

a. Protection of the developing spermatozoa

Question 29

What is the two cell-two gonadotropin model?

a. Production of estrogen and progesterone in different cells
b. Testosterone production by theca cells (LH) and its conversion to estrogen by granulosa cells (FSH)
c. Stimulatory ettect of FSH on estrogen and LH on progesterone synthesis
d. Testosterone-dihydrotestosterone conversion

Answer 29

b. Testosterone production by theca cells (LH) and its conversion to estrogen by granulosa cells (FSH)

Question 30

Mark the CORRECT statement regarding the use of GnRH form of implants in dogs:

a. These can be used to perform reversible chemical castration
b. testosterene levels in males can Ue sagnificantly reduced as eariy as the first 4-6 hours after…
c. these can increase the metabolic rate
d. by using implants while keeping sex hormone levels low, a drastic increase in LH and FSH can be avoided

Answer 30

a. These can be used to perform reversible chemical castration

Question 31

Anatomical classification of porcine uterus:

a. uterus bicornis
b. uterus bicornuate
c. uterus duplex
d. uterus simplex

Answer 31

b. uterus bicornuate

Question 32

Which statement is false in connection with the anestrus of the dog?

a. It is clinically calm period
b. its length is an individual characteristic
c. the PRL and P4 levels are high during the whole phase/
d. it is the next phase after the diestrus

Answer 32

b. its length is an individual characteristic

Question 33

How the semen is collected in the dog?

a. Electrocjaculation
b. Artificial vagina
c. Digital manipulation
d. Cannot be collected

Answer 33

c. Digital manipulation

Question 34

Which cell is indicated by the name of “Nursing Cell”?
a. Settoli-cell
b. Leydig cell
c. Spermatozoa
d. White Glood Cell

Answer 34

a. Settoli-cell

Question 35

What is the main endocrine trigger of ovulation in pigs?

a. increased local blood circulation
b. estrogene increase in the oviduct
c. increased progesterone production
d. LH peak

Answer 35

d. LH peak

Question 36

What does hatching mean?

a. Binding of spermatozoa to the zona peliucida of the oocyte
b. the acrosomal enzymes are released from the acrosome
c. The blastocyst leaves the zona pellucida
d. Compaction of the morulae

Answer 36

c. The blastocyst leaves the zona pellucida

Question 37

What is the purpose of the seeding during the slow/program freezing?

a. Controlled ice crystallization
b. Applying minimal volume of freezing salution
c. Proper sealing of the straw
d. Decreasing the cooling rate

Answer 37

a. Controlled ice crystallization

Question 38

What is the insemination index?

a. The number of cows pregnant per 100 services
b. -„- in a 21 days period
c. -„- at first service
d. the number of services needed to produce a pregnancy

Answer 38

d. the number of services needed to produce a pregnancy

Question 39

How many follciles are ovulating on one ovary in the estrous cycle of modern pigs?
a. 6-10
b. 8-10
c. 20-30
d. 10-15

Answer 39

c. 20-30

Question 40

Length of the flushing (sheep)?
a. 2-4 weeks
b. 1-2 weeks
c. 5-6 weeks
d. >10 weeks

Answer 40

a. 2-4 weeks

Question 41

What is the site of sperm cell storage in the female reproductive tract?

a. Utero tubal junction
b. In the tip of the uterine horn
c. Ampulla-isthmic junction
d. in the imfundibulum

Answer 41

a. Utero tubal junction/

Question 42

Mark the correct statement:

a. Obesity following neutering in th….(?) is most likely to occur after prepubertal or early neutering
b. it is most common in neutered individuais after sexual maturation
c. it is mostly characterized by its formation in two years after neutering
d. can onty be abserved in male dogs

Answer 42

c. it is mostly characterized by its formation in two years after neutering

Question 43

At which developmental stage is seen for the first time the differentiation of embryonic cells?

a. Immediately alter fertilisation
b. 2-4 cell stage
c. 4-8 cell stage
d. Blastocyst stage

Answer 43

d. Blastocyst stage

Question 44

What is the most important task of the accessory male organs

a. Seminaliplasma production
b. Spermatozoa production
c. Spermatid production

Answer 44

a. Seminaliplasma production

Question 45

Which are the characteristics of ovarian cysts in cattle

a. They are smaller than 25 mm and they spontaneously disappear from the ovary in about a …
b. They are smaller than 25 mm and they persist on the ovary for more than 10 days
c. They are larger thari 25 mm and they persist on the ovary for more than 10 days
d. They are larger than 25 mm and they spontaneously disappear from the ovary in 1 or 2 days

Answer 45

c. They are larger thari 25 mm and they persist on the ovary for more than 10 days

Question 46

What is the name of the developmental phase when the sperm develops from the spermatid?

a. Morphological transformation
b. Spermatocytogenesis
c. Spermiogenesis
Spermatogenesis

Answer 46

b. Spermatocytogenesis

Question 47

Mark the CORRECT statementi In bitch, pyometra…..

a. can occur at any cycle stage, even during pregnancy
b. more common in animals showing cinical pseudopregnancy
c. in cats is less likely to occur in breeds prone to spontanecus ovulation/
d. can develop without a bacterial infection

Answer 47

d. can develop without a bacterial infection

Question 48

Which is NOT an indication for artificial insemination in dogs?

a. prevention of genital interactions
b. lower quality semen
c. rejection the bitch or the male
d. cryptorhid male dog

Answer 48

d. cryptorhid male dog

Question 49

What triggers the endometrial PGF2a synthesis by the onset in the cow?

a. Bovine IFN-Lau produced by the embryo
b. Relaxin produced by the placenta
c. Progesterone produced by the luteal cells
d. Oxytocin prodaced by arge luteal cells

Answer 49

d. Oxytocin prodaced by arge luteal cells