Humanities 6

Question 0

Define Arches

Answer 0

A natural curved opening through a rock, caused by wave action

Question 1

Define Aeolian Transport

Answer 1

This is when wind moves the sand. Wind picks up sand particles and carries them in the air until gravity takes them. When a sand particle crashes into the surface, it dislodges other particles allowing the wind to carry them and so continues the process.

Question 2

Define Backwash

Answer 2

The backwards movement of water and sand down the beach front

Question 3

Define beach

Answer 3

A deposit of loose eroded material along a coast

Question 4

Define blowout

Answer 4

A hollow formed in a region of shifting sand by the action of wind OR dune blowouts occur when loose sand is blown from a dune as vegetation has been removed

Question 5

Define blowhole

Answer 5

The opening of a roof in a sea cave

Question 6

Define caves

Answer 6

A natural opening formed at the base of a sea cliff

Question 7

Define deposition

Answer 7

The act or process of depositing, to lay or throw down by a natural process

Question 8

Define Constructive wave

Answer 8

Flat waves building up a beach

Question 9

Define destructive waves

Answer 9

Steep, frequent waves that erode a beach

Question 10

Define erosion

Answer 10

The process in which a surface is worn away by the action of water and wind

Question 11

Estuary

Answer 11

The inlet of the sea at a lower end of the river

Question 12

What is a groyne

Answer 12

small walls built along a beach to stabilise the sand supply and stop long shore drift.

Question 13

Define headlands

Answer 13

Steep, rocky pieces of land jutting out to open sea

Question 14

Define hydraulic action

Answer 14

Air that is trapped between the headland and the waves that is compressed and forced into cracks in the rock, eroding it

Question 15

Define lagoon

Answer 15

A pond of water separated from the sea by a strip of land

Question 16

Define long shore drift

Answer 16

The movement of sand parallel to the beach

Question 17

Define long term changes

Answer 17

Changes that occur over a relatively long period of time due to contributing factors

Question 18

Define notch

Answer 18

A deep narrow cut, often at the base of a cliff, formed by wave erosion

Question 19

Define sand bar

Answer 19

A long narrow sand bank that stores sand off shore

Question 20

Define Sand dunes

Answer 20

Deposit of wind blown sand at the back of the beach

Question 21

Define berm

Answer 21

An accumulation of sand at the back of the beach, also known as the sun bathing area

Question 22

Short term changes

Answer 22

Changes that occur over a relate let short period of time

Question 23

Define spit

Answer 23

A narrow ridge of sand formed at a river mouth

Question 24

Define stack

Answer 24

A pillar of resistant rock, a remaining portion of a collapsed arch

Question 25

Define swash

Answer 25

Sand and water coming up onto the beach

Question 26

Define tombolo

Answer 26

A sand bar linking and island to the mainland

Question 27

Define vegetation

Answer 27

The plant life of the beach

Question 28

Define wave cut platform

Answer 28

A platform at the base of a cliff, caused by wave action as the headland has retreated

Question 29

Define waves

Answer 29

A disturbance on the surface of the sea forming a moving ridge

Question 30

Define wave erosion

Answer 30

Wearing away land at the base of cliffs caused by waves

Question 31

Define wind

Answer 31

Air that moves horizontally in a natural motion

Question 32

Define cliff

Answer 32

Steep wall of rock facing the sea

Question 33

Define Ria

Answer 33

A long narrow inlet caused by the partial submergence of a river valley

Question 34

Define Fjord

Answer 34

A steep sided drowned valey

Question 35

Define raised beach

Answer 35

An ancient beach that is stranded above the current sea level

Question 36

Define Corrosion

Answer 36

Dried sea water that leaves salt on the rocks that then weakens them leaving them brittle and more easily eroded by future waves

Question 37

Define Corrasion

Answer 37

Eroded material already removed from the headland that acts as an abrasive when the waves hit he rock so to wear it away

Question 38

What are sea walls

Answer 38

Walls constructed along a beach usually where dunes were or where erosion is likely to occur. They are designed to protect property and areas of the foreshore from wave attack and erosion

Question 39

What are off shore break waters?

Answer 39

Large concrete blocks and boulders located off shore often to protect boats and harbours from large waves